Tag: Human Rights

Isayeva, Yusupova And Bazayeva v Russia: ECHR 24 Feb 2005

ECHR Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction). The court considered the duties of a signatory state under article 2 when taking substantial military actions against insurgents.

Citations:

57949/00, [2005] ECHR 129, 57947/00, 57948/00, (2005) 41 EHRR 39

Links:

Worldlii, Bailii

Statutes:

European Convention on Human Rights 2

Jurisdiction:

Human Rights

Cited by:

Cited – Smith, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for Defence and Oxfordshire Assistant Deputy Coroner (Equality and Human Rights Commission intervening) SC 30-Jun-2010
The deceased soldier died of heat exhaustion whilst on active service in Iraq. It was said that he was owed a duty under human rights laws, and that any coroner’s inquest should be a fuller one to satisfy the state’s duty under Article 2.
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Human Rights, Armed Forces

Updated: 01 July 2022; Ref: scu.227547

Jankauskas v Lithuania: ECHR 24 Feb 2005

ECHR Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction) – Preliminary objection rejected (non-exhaustion of domestic remedies); Violation of Art. 8; Pecuniary damage – claim rejected; Non-pecuniary damage – financial award; Costs and expenses partial award – domestic proceedings; Costs and expenses partial award – Convention proceedings.

Citations:

59304/00, [2005] ECHR 130

Links:

Worldlii, Bailii

Jurisdiction:

Human Rights

Human Rights

Updated: 01 July 2022; Ref: scu.227543

Tsirlis And Kouloumpas v Greece 19234/91: ECHR 29 May 1997

ECHR Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction) – Violation of Art. 5-1; Violation of Art. 5-5; No violation of Art. 3; Not necessary to examine Art. 9; Not necessary to examine Art. 14+9; Not necessary to examine Art. 6-1; Not necessary to examine Art. 13; Pecuniary damage – financial award; Non-pecuniary damage – financial award; Costs and expenses partial award – domestic proceedings; Costs and expenses partial award – Convention proceedings.

Citations:

19234/91, [1997] ECHR 29

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

Human Rights

Human Rights

Updated: 01 July 2022; Ref: scu.227253

Wolfmeyer v Austria: ECHR 26 May 2005

ECHR Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction) – Violation of Art. 14+8; Not necessary to examine Art. 8; Non-pecuniary damage – financial award; Costs and expenses partial award – domestic proceedings; Costs and expenses partial award – Convention proceedings.

Citations:

5263/03, [2005] ECHR 331

Links:

Worldlii, Bailii

Human Rights

Updated: 01 July 2022; Ref: scu.227350

Ergin v Turkey (No. 4): ECHR 16 Jun 2005

ECHR Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction) – Violation of Art. 10; Violation of Art. 6-1; Not necessary to examine Art. 6-3-b; Pecuniary damage – financial award; Non-pecuniary damage – financial award; Costs and expenses partial award – domestic proceedings; Costs and expenses partial award – Convention proceedings.

Citations:

63733/00, [2005] ECHR 399

Links:

Worldlii, Bailii

Jurisdiction:

Human Rights

Human Rights

Updated: 01 July 2022; Ref: scu.227321

Kugathas v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 21 Jan 2003

Sedley LJ considered the circumstances where the Secretary of state should take into account the defendant’s article 8 human rights when considering deportation after serving a sentence of imprisonment: ‘Generally, the protection of family life under Article 8 involves cohabiting dependants, such as parents and their dependant minor children. Whether it extends to other relationships depends on the circumstances of the particular case. Relationships between adults, a mother and her 33 year old son in the present case, would not necessarily acquire the protection of Article 8 of the Convention without evidence of further elements of dependency, involving more than the normal emotional ties.’ and ‘ . . neither blood ties nor the concern and affection that ordinarily go with them are, by themselves or together, in my judgment enough to constitute family life’
Arden LJ said: ‘There is no presumption that a person has a family life, even with the members of a person’s immediate family. The court has to scrutinise the relevant factors. Such factors include identifying who are the near relatives of the appellant, the nature of the links between them and the appellant, the age of the appellant, where and with whom he has resided in the past, and the forms of contact he has maintained with the other members of the family with whom he claims to have a family life.
because there is no presumption of family life, in my judgment a family life is not established between an adult child and his surviving parent or other siblings unless something more exists than normal emotional ties: See S v United Kingdom (1984) 40DR 196 and Abdulaziz, Cabales and Balkandali v the United Kingdom [1985] 7 EHRR 471. Such ties might exist if the appellant were dependant on his family or visa versa.’

Judges:

Sedley LJ, Arden LJ

Citations:

[2003] EWCA Civ 31, [2003] INLR 170, [2003] All ER (D) 144

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

European Convention on Human Rights 8

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Cited by:

Cited – Secretary of State for The Home Department v HK (Turkey) CA 27-May-2010
The SS appealed against the successful appeal by the respondent against a deportation order. He had come to England in 1994, been granted indefinite leave to stay, and made a family here. In 2007 he was convicted of grievous bodily harm.
Held: . .
Cited – NT 1 and NT 2 v Google Llc QBD 13-Apr-2018
Right to be Forgotten is not absolute
The two claimants separately had criminal convictions from years before. They objected to the defendant indexing third party web pages which included personal data in the form of information about those convictions, which were now spent. The claims . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Immigration, Crime, Human Rights

Updated: 01 July 2022; Ref: scu.227089

Wright, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: Admn 30 Nov 2004

Request for judicial review of refusal to pay compensation for wrongful detention in prison after end of sentence.

Judges:

Bennett J

Citations:

[2004] EWHC 3084 (Admin)

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

European Convention on Human Rights 5(5)

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Human Rights, Prisons, Damages

Updated: 01 July 2022; Ref: scu.226917

Fornah v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 9 Jun 2005

The applicant sought refugee status, saying that if returned home to Sierra Leone, she would as a young woman be liable to be circumcised against her will.
Held: Female sexual mutilation ‘is an evil practice internationally condemned and in clear violation of Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights (‘ECHR’). As a practice, it is not peculiar to Sierra Leone, but it so widespread there and so bound up in the culture and traditions of that country at all levels that it causes difficulties in claims for asylum by young Sierra Leonean girls who fear it. As a clear violation of their Article 3 right not to be subjected to inhuman or degrading treatment, it would undoubtedly amount to persecution in the general sense of that word. But, for young girls in Sierra Leone, seeking asylum in another country because they fear it, is it persecution for a Refugee Convention reason, namely because they belong to a ‘particular social group’? To establish her claim the applicant had to establish that she was a member of a particular social group. She had said that this group constituted young uncircumcised females This was not capable of being a ‘particular social group’ in law as required, and the claim failed. The respondent had in any event since granted her leave to enter on humanitarian grounds.

Judges:

Auld, Chadwick, Arden LJJ

Citations:

[2005] 1 WLR 3773, [2005] EWCA Civ 680, Times 16-Jun-2005

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

European Convention on Human Rights 83

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Citing:

Cited – Regina v Immigration Appeal Tribunal and Another ex parte Shah HL 25-Mar-1999
Both applicants, Islam and Shah, citizens of Pakistan, but otherwise unconnected with each other, had suffered violence in Pakistan after being falsely accused them of adultery. Both applicants arrived in the UK and were granted leave to enter as . .
Cited – Hoxha and Another v Secretary of State for the Home Department HL 10-Mar-2005
The claimants sought to maintain their claims for asylum. They had fled persecution, but before their claims for asylum were determined conditions in their home country changed so that they could no longer be said to have a well founded fear of . .
Cited – Applicant A and Another v Minister for Immigration and Ethnic Affairs and Another 1997
(High Court of Australia) A Chinese asylum seeker was not entitled to refugee status on the basis of well-founded fear of persecution by forcible sterilisation by reason of his membership of a ‘particular social group’, namely all fathers of . .
Cited – Chun Lan Liu v Secretary of State for the Home Department CA 17-Mar-2005
The applicant for refugee status said she had a well founded fear of persecution if returned to China, saying that as a pregnant mother of a third child, the foetus had been removed at eight months against her will. She had refused sterilisation, . .
Cited – Regina on the Application of Ruslanas Bagdanavicius, Renata Bagdanaviciene v Secretary of State for the Home Department CA 11-Nov-2003
Failed Roma asylum applicants challenged an order for their return to Lithuania. There had been family objections to the mixed marriage leaving them at risk of violence from the local mafia, and an order for their return would infringe their article . .
Cited – Bagdanavicius, Bagdanaviciene v the Secretary of State for Home Department Admn 16-Apr-2003
The applicants sought asylum, saying they had been subjected to repeated ill-treatment by Lithuanian Mafiosi. The claims were rejected as clearly unfounded, denying any right to an appeal.
Held: The court could examine the basis upon which the . .
Cited – Secretary of State for the Home Department v Skenderaj CA 26-Apr-2002
The applicant sought asylum, claiming to be a target of an Albanian blood feud. He appealed a finding that his claim was not for a Convention reason, and did not amount to a claim of a well-founded fear of persecution for reason of his membership of . .

Cited by:

Appeal from – Secretary of State for the Home Department v K, Fornah v Secretary of State for the Home Department HL 18-Oct-2006
The claimants sought asylum, fearing persecution as members of a social group. The fear of persecution had been found to be well founded, but that persecution was seen not to arise from membership of a particular social group.
Held: The . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Immigration, Human Rights

Updated: 30 June 2022; Ref: scu.226155

Sellick and Sellick, Regina v: CACD 14 Mar 2005

The defendants appealed convictions for murder saying that the court had had read to it the statements of four witnesses who refused to attend for fear, having been intimidated. Other witnesses had been unco-operative and had been treated by the prosecution as hostile.
Held: The appeal failed. The appellants’ rights under Article 6 were in no way infringed. The convictions were safe.
Waller LJ summarised the ECHR jurispridence: ‘What appears from the above authorities are the following propositions. (i) The admissibility of evidence is primarily for the national law. (ii) Evidence must normally be produced at a public hearing and as a general rule article 6(1) and (3)(d) of the Convention require a defendant to be given a proper and adequate opportunity to challenge and question witnesses. (iii) It is not necessarily incompatible with article 6(1) and (3)(d) of the Convention for depositions to be read and that can be so even if there has been no opportunity to question the witness at any stage of the proceedings. Article 6(3)(d) is simply an illustration of matters to be taken into account in considering whether a fair trial has been held. The reasons for the court holding it necessary that statements should be read and the procedures to counterbalance any handicap to the defence will all be relevant to the issue, whether, where statements have been read, the trial was fair. (iv) The quality of the evidence and its inherent reliability, plus the degree of caution exercised in relation to reliance on it, will also be relevant to the question whether the trial was fair.’

Judges:

Waller LJ

Citations:

[2005] 1 WLR 3257, [2005] EWCA Crim 651, Times 22-Mar-2005, [2005] 2 Cr App R 15

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

Criminal Justice Act 1988 23 26, European Convention on Human Rights 6

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Citing:

Cited – Regina v KJ Martin CACD 20-Feb-2003
The defendant had been found unfit to plead on a charge of murder. Charges against the co-defendants were later reduced to inflicting grievous bodily harm, but when the defendant came to be dealt with, it was on the basis that the charge remained . .
Cited – Luca v Italy ECHR 27-Feb-2001
The accused had been convicted. After exercising his right to silence, there were read to the court accounts of statements made by co-accused but without an opportunity for him to cross examine the witnesses.
Held: Saunders had established the . .
Cited – Unterpertinger v Austria ECHR 24-Nov-1986
The defendant was convicted of causing actual bodily harm, mainly on the basis of statements which his wife and daughter had given to the police. His wife and daughter took advantage of their right not to give evidence at his trial and so could not . .
Cited – Regina v Gokal, Abas Kassimali CACD 1997
The defendant challenged admission of written statements saying that he would only be able to controvert the written statements if he gave evidence, and it was submitted that that would infringe his right to silence.
Held: There was no reason . .
Cited – Windisch v Austria ECHR 27-Sep-1990
cs W was convicted of burglary on the evidence of a mother and daughter, who gave statements without their identity being revealed.
Held: The court recited various principles in the following terms:- ‘All . .
Cited – Kostovski v The Netherlands ECHR 20-Nov-1989
No Anonymity for Witnessses in Criminal Trial
K was convicted of armed robbery on the basis of statements of anonymous witnesses. He was unable to question those witnesses at any stage. Being unaware of the identity of the witnesses deprived K of the very particulars which would have enabled . .
Cited – Regina v Cole CACD 1990
. .
Cited – Ludi v Switzerland ECHR 15-Jun-1992
The claimant challenged his conviction of a drug trafficking offence. The evidence against him consisted mainly of a report by an anonymous undercover agent and transcripts of telephone intercepts of calls between the agent and the applicant. . .
Cited – Saidi v France ECHR 20-Sep-1993
S had been convicted on the basis of the evidence of drug addicts and in the situation where there was no opportunity to confront the witness.
Held: ‘The court reiterates that the taking of evidence is governed primarily by the rules of . .
Cited – Van Mechelen And Others v The Netherlands ECHR 23-Apr-1997
A Dutch court had convicted the applicants of attempted manslaughter and robbery on the basis of statements made, before their trial, by anonymous police officers, none of whom gave evidence before the Regional Court or the investigating judge. The . .
Approved – Regina v Arnold CACD 21-May-2004
The defendant appealed a conviction after the non attendance of a witness.
Held: The court was prepared to assume that the witness had not been kept away by fear, but ruled that the statement was admissible. However: ‘We cannot leave this case . .

Cited by:

Cited – Al-Khawaja v Regina CACD 3-Nov-2005
The defendant had been tried for indecent assaults. The complainant having died before the trial, the judge had ruled that her written statements were admissible. The defendant said he had not had a fair trial.
Held: The appeal failed. The . .
Cited – Grant v The Queen PC 16-Jan-2006
(Jamaica) The defendant appealed his conviction for murder saying that the admission of an unsworn statement by one witness and the non-admission of another similar statement who did not either attend court was unconstitutional. He shot the victim . .
Cited – Raja v Van Hoogstraten and others ChD 12-Jun-2006
The claimant sought the strike out of the defendants pleadings. The first defendant was found to have been responsible for the killing of the deceased. The proceedings had been prolonged by procedural challenges by the defendant.
Held: The . .
Cited – Regina v Davis (Iain); Regina v Ellis, Regina v Gregory, Regina v Simms, Regina v Martin CACD 19-May-2006
The several defendants complained at the use at their trials of evidence given anonymously. The perceived need for anonymity arose because, from intimidation, the witnesses would not be willing to give their evidence without it.
Held: The . .
Cited – Regina v Davis HL 18-Jun-2008
The defendant had been tried for the murder of two men by shooting them at a party. He was identified as the murderer by three witnesses who had been permitted to give evidence anonymously, from behind screens, because they had refused, out of fear, . .
Distinguished – Al-Khawaja v The United Kingdom; Tahery v The United Kingdom ECHR 20-Jan-2009
Each complainant said that in allowing hearsay evidence to be used against them at their trials, their article 6 human rights had been infringed. In the first case the complainant had died before trial but her statement was admitted.
Held: In . .
Cited – Horncastle and Others, Regina v SC 9-Dec-2009
Each defendant said they had not received a fair trial in that the court had admitted written evidence of a witness he had not been allowed to challenge. The witnesses had been victims, two of whom had died before trial. It was suggested that the . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Criminal Evidence, Human Rights

Updated: 29 June 2022; Ref: scu.223899

Malcolm v Mackenzie, Allied Dunbar Plc: CA 21 Dec 2004

The bankrupt complained that having been made bankrupt, his self-employed pension was subject to attachment by his trustee, but had he been a member of a company scheme the asset would not, and that this was discriminatory.
Held: The differential treatment arose because contractual pension rights fell within a definition in the Act, and not from a difference in treatment of persons of different status. The appeal failed.

Judges:

Lord Justice Mummery Lord Justice Chadwick Lord Justice Tuckey

Citations:

[2004] EWCA Civ 1748, [2004] EWCA Civ 1748, Times 04-Jan-2005

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

Welfare Reform and Pensions Act 1999 11

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Citing:

Appeal from – In re William Andrew Malcolm; William Andrew Malcolm v Benedict Mackenzie, Allied Dunbar ChD 26-Feb-2004
The bankrupt sought to protect his personal pension taken out before his bankruptcy. The bankruptcy was initiated by the Inland Revenue, and sought protection under Human Rights law.
Held: The alleged infringement of the former bankrupt’s . .
Cited – Dennison v Krasner, Lesser, Lawrence CA 6-Apr-2000
A retirement annuity or personal pension was part of a bankrupt’s estate before the recent Act, and vested immediately in the trustee on the bankruptcy. As such there was no need to make application to the court under s310 for an income payment . .
Cited – Wilson v Secretary of State for Trade and Industry; Wilson v First County Trust Ltd (No 2) HL 10-Jul-2003
The respondent appealed against a finding that the provision which made a loan agreement completely invalid for lack of compliance with the 1974 Act was itself invalid under the Human Rights Act since it deprived the respondent lender of its . .
Cited – Michalak v London Borough of Wandsworth CA 6-Mar-2002
The appellant had occupied for a long time a room in a house let by the authority. After the death of the tenant, the appellant sought, but was refused, a statutory tenancy. He claimed to be a member of the tenant’s family, and that the list of . .
Cited – In Re Landau (A Bankrupt) ChD 1-Dec-1996
At the date of the bankruptcy the bankrupt was entitled to a pension, payable in the future on his attaining the age of 65 years. He was aged 61 when the bankruptcy order was made, and 64 when it was discharged. The trustee claimed to be entitled to . .
Cited – Kemble and Another v Kicks and Others; In Re the Trusts of the Scientific Investment Pension Plan ChD 5-Mar-1998
Provision in pension scheme withdrawing benefits to bankrupt beneficiary defeated trustees claim only if determinable or defeasible interest. . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Insolvency, Human Rights, Financial Services

Updated: 28 June 2022; Ref: scu.221491

Goodson v HM Coroner for Bedfordshire and Luton: Admn 17 Dec 2004

A patient had died in hospital following an operation. The NHS Trust submitted that ‘There is a real distinction between cases of medical negligence, which were specifically addressed as a discrete area in Calvelli, and cases of intentional killing or failure to protect someone in custody.’
Held: ‘Calvelli is both the most recent decision and also a decision of the Grand Chamber; and the judgment in that case analyses the matter solely in terms of the positive obligation to set up an effective judicial system, without reference to the separate procedural obligation to investigate . . Whether the matter is analysed in terms of the positive obligation to set up an effective judicial system or in terms of the procedural obligation to investigate may not ultimately be of great significance. Although certain minimum criteria are laid down, the actual nature of an investigation required under article 2 varies according to context; and the Strasbourg cases on deaths resulting from alleged medical negligence show that, if the procedural obligation does apply, the range of remedies available under the judicial system (criminal, civil and possibly disciplinary) can be sufficient to discharge it.’

Judges:

Richards J

Citations:

[2004] EWHC 2931 (Admin), [2005] 2 All ER 791, [2006] 1 WLR 432, [2005] Lloyds Rep Med 202, (2005) 84 BMLR 72, [2005] Lloyd’s Rep Med 202

Links:

Bailii

Citing:

Cited – Calvelli and Ciglio v Italy ECHR 17-Jan-2002
The applicants’ baby had died shortly after birth in 1987. They complained about the medical care. The complaint was not investigated speedily by the authority, resulting in a criminal complaint becoming time barred after a conviction in 1994 was . .

Cited by:

Cited – D, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department Admn 28-Apr-2005
D was undergoing trial for offences and was held in prison. He self-harmed repeatedly, and was recorded to require extra vigilance. He attempted to hang himself. Prison staff saved his life, but he was left paraplegic, and was then detained under . .
Cited – D, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department Admn 28-Apr-2005
D was undergoing trial for offences and was held in prison. He self-harmed repeatedly, and was recorded to require extra vigilance. He attempted to hang himself. Prison staff saved his life, but he was left paraplegic, and was then detained under . .
Cited – Takoushis, Regina (on the Application of) v HM Coroner for Inner North London and others CA 30-Nov-2005
Relatives sought judicial review of the coroner’s decision not to allow a jury, and against allowance of an expert witness. The deceased had been a mental patient but had been arrested with a view to being hospitalised. He was taken first to the . .
See Also – Goodson v HM Coroner for Bedfordshire and Luton and Another (No 2) CA 12-Oct-2005
The applicant intended to appeal refusal of her challenge to the verdict of the coroner. For the first time at appeal she sought a protective costs order.
Held: The Corner House case established that a request for a protective costs order . .
Cited – Savage v South Essex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust (MIND intervening) HL 10-Dec-2008
The deceased had committed suicide on escaping from a mental hospital. The Trust appealed against a refusal to strike out the claim that that they had been negligent in having inadequate security.
Held: The Trust’s appeal failed. The fact that . .
Cited – Tyrrell v HM Senior Coroner County Durham and Darlington and Another Admn 26-Jul-2016
The court was aked what article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights requires of a coroner when a serving prisoner dies of natural causes.
Held: The reuest for judicial review failed. Mr Tyrrell’s death was, from the outset, one which . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Coroners, Human Rights

Updated: 28 June 2022; Ref: scu.221030

Hooper v United Kingdom: ECHR 16 Nov 2004

The defendant had appeared in court on a charge of assault. The magistrate considered that he might be unruly and withoutmore bound him over to keep the peace. In the absence of any surety, he was committed to custody.
Held: The proceedings infringed the defendant’s human rights. His liberty was at stake, and he was entitled to representation. A court needed to be sure that such an order did not amount to an automatic sentence of imprisonment.

Citations:

Times 19-Nov-2004, 42317/98, [2004] ECHR 628

Links:

Worldlii, Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Citing:

Cited – Regina v Clerkenwell Metropolitan Stipendiary Magistrate, Ex Parte Hooper Admn 28-Jan-1998
A Court requiring a surety before binding a defendant over must give the defendant an opportunity to make representations before rejecting that surety. . .
Cited – Benham v United Kingdom ECHR 8-Feb-1995
Legal Aid was wrongfully refused where a tax or fine defaulter was liable to imprisonment, and the lack of a proper means enquiry, made imprisonment of poll tax defaulter unlawful. A poll tax defaulter had been wrongly committed to prison by . .

Cited by:

Cited – Greenfield, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department HL 16-Feb-2005
The appellant had been charged with and disciplined for a prison offence. He was refused legal assistance at his hearing, and it was accepted that the proceedings involved the determination of a criminal charge within the meaning of article 6 of the . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Human Rights

Updated: 27 June 2022; Ref: scu.219859

Edwards and Others v United Kingdom: ECHR 19 Nov 2004

The UK and the applicants had reached a friendly settlement over an action with respect to the unavailability of legal aid in poll tax enforcement proceedings.

Citations:

46416/99, 38260/97, Times 16-Nov-2004, 47143/99, [2004] ECHR 627

Links:

Worldlii, Bailii

Statutes:

European Convention on Human Rights

Jurisdiction:

Human Rights

Human Rights

Updated: 27 June 2022; Ref: scu.219858

King v United Kingdom: ECHR 16 Nov 2004

The claimant had been subject to tax penalty proceedings. They continued for more than 14 years.
Held: The length of the proceedings exceeded the time properly to be allowed, and infringed his right to a fair trial. Though the taxpayer himself had contributed to the delay with unmeritorious appeals, the state’s delay was excessive.

Citations:

13881/02, Times 23-Nov-2004, [2004] ECHR 631

Links:

Worldlii, Bailii

Statutes:

European Convention on Human Rights 6.1

Jurisdiction:

Human Rights

Citing:

Cited – James Murray King v Annie Marie Walden (HM Inspector of Taxes) ChD 12-Jun-2001
A decision to impose a penalty on a taxpayer, involved a charge of a criminal nature, for the purposes of article 6 of the Convention. It was necessary, therefore, to proceed with such a matter quickly. Even so, in the imposition of such penalties, . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Human Rights

Updated: 27 June 2022; Ref: scu.219690

McGowan v Scottish Water: EAT 23 Sep 2004

A court or tribunal may properly admit relevant evidence even where it has been gathered in breach of an Article 8 right to ‘privacy’ where to do so is adjudged to be necessary in order to secure a ‘fair’ hearing as required by both the common law and Article 6 of the convention.

Judges:

The Honourable Lord Johnston

Citations:

EATS/0007/04, [2004] UKEAT 0007 – 04 – 2309

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

Scotland

Cited by:

Cited – Amwell View School v Dogherty EAT 15-Sep-2006
amwell_dogherty
The claimant had secretly recorded the disciplinary hearings and also the deliberations of the disciplinary panel after their retirement. The tribunal had at a case management hearing admitted the recordings as evidence, and the defendant appealed, . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Employment, Human Rights

Updated: 27 June 2022; Ref: scu.219738

British American Tobacco UK Ltd and Others, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for Health: Admn 5 Nov 2004

The claimants challenged the validity of regulations restricting cigarette advertisements, saying that greater exceptions should have been allowed, and that the regulations infringed their commercial right of free speech.
Held: The Regulations were lawful. There was a balance to be found between the need for commercial freedom of speech, and the protection of public health. The secretary of state had a discretion, and could not be criticised in law for drawing the line where he did to restrict advertising of tobacco products.

Judges:

McCombe J

Citations:

[2004] EWHC 2493 (Admin), Times 11-Nov-2004

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

Tobacco Advertising and Promotion (Point of Sale) Regulations 2004, Tobacco Advertising and Promotion Act 2002 4(3), European Convention on Human Rights 10

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Citing:

Cited – Regina v Shayler HL 21-Mar-2002
The defendant had been a member of the security services. On becoming employed, and upon leaving, he had agreed to keep secret those matters disclosed to him. He had broken those agreements and was being prosecuted. He sought a decision that the . .
Cite164876d – Regina (Daly) v Secretary of State for the Home Department HL 23-May-2001
A prison policy requiring prisoners not to be present when their property was searched and their mail was examined was unlawful. The policy had been introduced after failures in search procedures where officers had been intimidated by the presence . .
Cited – Secretary of State for the Home Department v International Transport Roth Gmbh and others CA 22-Feb-2002
The Appellant had introduced a system of fining lorry drivers returning to the UK with illegal immigrants hiding away in their trucks. The rules had been found to be in breach of European law and an interference with their human rights. The . .
Cited – Artegodan v Commission ECFI 26-Nov-2002
ECJ Medicinal products for human use – Community arbitration procedures – Withdrawal of marketing authorisations – Competence – Criteria for withdrawal – Anorectics: amfepramone, clobenzorex, fenproporex, . .
Cited – Criminal proceedings against Walter Hahn ECJ 24-Oct-2002
ECJ Reference for a preliminary ruling: Bezirksgericht Innere Stadt Wien – Austria. Fisheries – Health policy – Directive 91/493/EEC and Decision 94/356/EC – Articles 28 EC and 30 EC – Principle of . .
Cited – Regina v Secretary of State for Health ex parte Eastside Cheese Company (a Firm) and R A Duckett and Co Interested CA 1-Jul-1999
The respondent had made an order banning the processing of milk products from the interested party’s farm into cheese products. Cheese manufacturers objected to the order. The order had been held unlawful, and the Secretary of State now appealed. . .
Cited – Vereinigte Familiapress Zeitungsverlags- und vertriebs GmbH v Bauer Verlag ECJ 26-Jun-1997
Europa The application to products from other Member States of national provisions restricting or prohibiting certain selling arrangements is not such as to hinder directly or indirectly, actually or potentially, . .
Cited – Commission v France C-262/02 ECJ 13-Jul-2004
The court was concerned with a national measure prohibiting television advertising for alcoholic drinks, in the case of indirect television advertising resulting from the appearance on screen of advertisements visible during the re-transmission of . .

Cited by:

Cited – Axon, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for Health and Another Admn 23-Jan-2006
A mother sought to challenge guidelines issued by the respondent which would allow doctors to protect the confidentiality of women under 16 who came to them for assistance even though the sexual activities they might engage in would be unlawful.
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Media, Human Rights

Updated: 27 June 2022; Ref: scu.219225

G, Regina (on the Application of) v Mental Health Review Tribunal: Admn 7 Oct 2004

The patient had a violent history. His eventual realease from a secure mental hospital was ordered, but the conditions imposed for his release could not be met. He argued that his continued detention infringed his human rights.

Judges:

The Honourable Mr Justice Collins

Citations:

[2004] EWHC 2193 (Admin)

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Health, Human Rights

Updated: 21 June 2022; Ref: scu.215930

Morris, Regina (on the Application of) v Westminster City Council and Another: Admn 7 Oct 2004

The applicant questioned the compatibility of s185 of the 1996 Act with Human Rights law. The family sought emergency housing. The child of the family, found to be in priority housing need, was subject also to immigration control. Though the matter had been settled the court was invited to pursue the decision.
Held: The Act was intended to fulfil the purpose of promoting family life, and therefore the human rights of the claimant were engaged under Art 14, and ‘the Council’s refusal to treat the Claimant as having a priority need for accommodation in circumstances where a parent with a dependent child who was not subject to immigration control would have been treated as having a priority need for accommodation amounted to an infringement of her right under Art. 14 to enjoy her right to respect for her family life under Art. 8 without discrimination.’ A declaration of incompatibility was made.

Judges:

Keith J

Citations:

[2004] EWHC 2191 (Admin), Times 20-Oct-2004, [2005] 1 WLR 865, [2005] 1 All ER 351, [2004] UKHRR 1126, [2004] HRLR 43, [2005] 1 FLR 429

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

Housing Act 1996 185(4)(b), European Convention on Human Rights 14

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Citing:

See Also – Morris, Regina (on the Application of) v Westminster City Council Admn 13-Oct-2003
. .
See Also – Morris, Regina (on the Application Of) v Westminster City Council, Admn 26-May-2004
. .
Cited – Michalak v London Borough of Wandsworth CA 6-Mar-2002
The appellant had occupied for a long time a room in a house let by the authority. After the death of the tenant, the appellant sought, but was refused, a statutory tenancy. He claimed to be a member of the tenant’s family, and that the list of . .
Cited – Regina (Annette Carson) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions Admn 22-May-2002
The claimant received a UK state pension. She lived in South Africa, and challenged the exclusion of foreign resident pensioners from the annual uprating of pension benefits. She asserted that the state pension, or its uprating, were pecuniary . .
Cited – S, Regina (on Application of) v South Yorkshire Police; Regina v Chief Constable of Yorkshire Police ex parte Marper HL 22-Jul-2004
Police Retention of Suspects DNA and Fingerprints
The claimants complained that their fingerprints and DNA records taken on arrest had been retained after discharge before trial, saying the retention of the samples infringed their right to private life.
Held: The parts of DNA used for testing . .
Cited – Ghaidan v Godin-Mendoza HL 21-Jun-2004
Same Sex Partner Entitled to tenancy Succession
The protected tenant had died. His same-sex partner sought a statutory inheritance of the tenancy.
Held: His appeal succeeded. The Fitzpatrick case referred to the position before the 1998 Act: ‘Discriminatory law undermines the rule of law . .
Cited – Relating to certain aspects of the laws on the use of languages in education in Belgium (Belgian Linguistics) No 2 ECHR 9-Feb-1967
The applicants, parents of more than 800 Francophone children, living in certain (mostly Dutch-speaking) parts of Belgium, complained that their children were denied access to an education in French.
Held: In establishing a system or regime to . .
Cited – London Borough of Harrow v Qazi HL 31-Jul-2003
The applicant had held a joint tenancy of the respondent. His partner gave notice and left, and the property was taken into possession. The claimant claimed restoration of his tenancy saying the order did not respect his right to a private life and . .
Cited – Petrovic v Austria ECHR 27-Mar-1998
The applicant was refused a grant of parental leave allowance in 1989. At that time parental leave allowance was available only to mothers. The applicant complained that this violated article 14 taken together with article 8.
Held: The . .
Cited – Regina v London Borough of Barnet ex parte G; Regina v London Borough of Lambeth ex parte W; Regina v London Borough of Lambeth ex parte A HL 23-Oct-2003
The applicants sought to oblige the local authority, in compliance with its duties under the 1989 Act, to provide a home for children, and where necessary an accompanying adult.
Held: There were four hurdles for the applicants to cross. They . .
Cited – Din (Taj) v Wandsworth London Borough Council HL 26-Nov-1981
The appellants had applied for emergency housing as homeless persons, anticipating loss of their secure accomodation after falling into arrears. The Council reject their application, but a County Court quashed that decision. The Court of Appeal . .
Distinguished – Gaygusuz v Austria ECHR 16-Sep-1996
The applicant was a Turkish national resident in Austria. While working there he had paid unemployment insurance contributions. At a stage when he was unemployed he applied for an advance on his pension in the form of emergency assistance. That was . .
Cited – Regina (on the Application of J) v London Borough of Enfield and Another Admn 4-Mar-2002
The mother and child were destitute, and sought to oblige the local authority to provide accommodation and support.
Held: The duty to a child under the section could not be extended to include a duty to accommodate and support the child and . .
Cited – Gay v Sheeran, London Borough of Enfield CA 18-Jun-1999
The ability for a court to order the transfer of a secure tenancy between partners under the Act depended upon the court first making an occupation order in favour of the party from whom the tenancy was to be transferred, but the order could be made . .

Cited by:

See Also – Morris, Regina (on the Application Of) v Westminster City Council, Admn 26-May-2004
. .
See Also – Morris, Regina (on the Application of) v Westminster City Council Admn 13-Oct-2003
. .
Appeal from – Westminster City Council and Another v Morris; Regina (Badu) v Lambeth London Borough Council CA 14-Oct-2005
The claimant sought housing assistance. She had a child. She was subject to immigration control. She complained that when considering her application, the Act required the authority to disregard her responsibiltes to her children.
Held: The . .
Cited – Taiwo and Another v Olaigbe and Others SC 22-Jun-2016
The claimants had been brought here illegally to act as servants for the defendants. They were taken advantage of and abused. They made several claims, but now appealed against rejection of their claims for discrimination. The court was asked . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Housing, Human Rights

Updated: 21 June 2022; Ref: scu.215932

The First Secretary of State, Grant Doe, Gregory Yates, Paul Eames v Chichester District Council: CA 29 Sep 2004

The appellants challenged a decision to grant planning consent for a private gipsy with mobile homes. The issue was whether the council in refusing permission and in issuing enforcement proceedings, had infringed the applicants human rights. The planning guidance required authorities to provide sites, but against other planning priorities. The Inspector had found little planning impact from the unlawful development, and the effect on their family life substantial.
Held: The judge had erred. The Inspector had correctly applied Article 8 rights.and without convert them into ‘the broader proposition that the needs of gypsies ‘must be met’.’ (Auld LJ dissenting)

Judges:

The Right Honourable Lord Justice Auld, The Right Honourable Lord Justice Wall And The Honourable Mr Justice Pumfrey

Citations:

[2004] EWCA Civ 1248, Times 14-Oct-2004

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

European Convention on Human Rights 8

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Citing:

Cited – Hedges and Hedges v Secretary of State for Environment v East Cambridgeshire District Council Admn 15-Nov-1996
. .
Cited – Regina v Leominster District Council ex parte Pothecary CA 28-Oct-1997
A building was erected without planning permission. The local planning authority chose not to serve an enforcement notice but rather had invited an application for retrospective planning permission.
Held: The fact that a building has already . .
Cited – Chapman v United Kingdom; similar ECHR 18-Jan-2001
The question arose as to the refusal of planning permission and the service of an enforcement notice against Mrs Chapman who wished to place her caravan on a plot of land in the Green Belt. The refusal of planning permission and the enforcement . .
Appeal from – Chichester District Council v First Secretary of State and others Admn 29-Jul-2003
. .
Cited – Botta v Italy ECHR 24-Feb-1998
The claimant, who was disabled, said that his Article 8 rights were infringed because, in breach of Italian law, there were no facilities to enable him to get to the sea when he went on holiday.
Held: ‘Private life . . includes a person’s . .
Cited – Anufrijeva and Another v London Borough of Southwark CA 16-Oct-2003
The various claimants sought damages for established breaches of their human rights involving breaches of statutory duty by way of maladministration. Does the state have a duty to provide support so as to avoid a threat to the family life of the . .

Cited by:

Cited – Coates and others v South Buckinghamshire District Council CA 22-Oct-2004
The local authority had required the applicants to remove their mobile homes from land. They complained that the judge had failed properly to explain how he had reached his decision as to the proportionality of the pressing social need, and the . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Planning, Human Rights

Updated: 21 June 2022; Ref: scu.214642

Ganci v Italie: ECHR 30 Oct 2003

The applicant was serving two life sentences for Mafia related activities. He challenged nine decrees issued by the Minister of Justice under which he was held under a special prison regime for a period of four years. His case related to delays by the courts in dealing with his challenge. The Court said: ‘the applicant was contesting the lawfulness of restrictions imposed on a series of rights commonly recognised to prisoners . . at least some of the serious restrictions laid down by the decrees . . such as the one restricting his contact with his family and the ones affecting his finances – certainly fell within the sphere of personal rights and were therefore civil in nature.’

Citations:

41576/98, [2003] ECHR 566, (2005) 41 EHRR 16

Links:

Worldlii, Bailii

Statutes:

European Convention on Human Rights

Jurisdiction:

Human Rights

Cited by:

Applied – Gulmez v Turkey ECHR 20-May-2008
The applicant complained inter alia of successive decisions which had deprived him of visitation rights for about a year as punishment for disciplinary offences whilst in prison.
Held: ‘the restriction on the applicant’s visiting rights . .
Applied – Enea v Italy ECHR 17-Sep-2009
(Grand Chamber) The applicant, a prisoner serving a long sentence for Mafia-type criminal offences, was subjected to a special regime by ministerial decrees. The restrictions included not only very limited family visits but also a long period . .
Cited – King, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for Justice CA 27-Mar-2012
In each case the prisoners challenged their transfer to cellular confinement or segregation within prison or YOI, saying that the transfers infringed their rights under Article 6, saying that domestic law, either in itself or in conjunction with . .
Cited – King, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for Justice CA 27-Mar-2012
In each case the prisoners challenged their transfer to cellular confinement or segregation within prison or YOI, saying that the transfers infringed their rights under Article 6, saying that domestic law, either in itself or in conjunction with . .
Cited – Stegarescu and Bahrin v Portugal ECHR 6-Apr-2010
The two applicants complained that they had been held in solitary confinement for seven months after receipt of intelligence about an escape plan.
Held: There had been a violation of the prisoners’ article 6 rights. They had been given no . .
Cited – Boulois v Luxembourg ECHR 14-Dec-2010
The applicant was serving a long sentence for serious offences. He had submitted several requests for ‘prison leave’ in order to carry out tasks in preparation for his eventual release. These had been refused by the Attorney General. The domestic . .
Cited – King v Secretary of State for Justice Admn 13-Oct-2010
The claimant sought judicial review of decisions that the claimant had committed a disciplinary offence whilst in custody at a Young Offenders Institute.
Held: The claim failed.
Pitchford LJ considered the ECHR jurisprudence, and said: . .
Cited – Bourgass and Another, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for Justice SC 29-Jul-2015
The Court considered the procedures when a prisoner is kept in solitary confinement, otherwise described as ‘segregation’ or ‘removal from association’, and principally whether decisions to keep the appellants in segregation for substantial periods . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Human Rights, Prisons

Updated: 21 June 2022; Ref: scu.213554