P v Wozencroft (Expert Evidence: Data Protection): FD 2002

The court discussed the discretion given under the section: ‘I remind myself, however, that under s 7(9) the claimant would have had to establish that the defendant had failed to comply with a request for disclosure in contravention of s 7(1), and, importantly, that, even in that event, the subsection confers upon the court a discretion as to whether to order the disclosure of such documents. I consider it of extreme significance that, even though s 7(1) speaks in terms of entitlement to disclosure on the part of the subject of data, the court is given a discretion, by the use of the word ‘may’ rather than any word such as ‘must’ or ‘shall’, as to whether to make the order.
It is also important to note that an analogous discretion is reflected in the terminology of s 14. As has been seen, s 14 is engaged only if the court is satisfied that personal data are inaccurate; and, even then, a discretion arises as to whether to order their rectification.’

Judges:

Wilson J

Citations:

[2002] 2 FLR 1118, [2002] EWHC 1724 (Fam)

Statutes:

Data Protection Act 1984 7(9)

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Cited by:

CitedLord, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department Admn 1-Sep-2003
The claimant was a category A prisoner serving a sentence of life imprisonment for murder. He sought the reasons for his categorisation as a Class A prisoner. Unhappy at the disclosure made, he sought information under the 1998 Act. It was argued . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Information, Family

Updated: 20 April 2022; Ref: scu.186302

Robertson and Scottish Prison Service: SIC 21 Dec 2010

Mr Neil D Robertson (Mr Robertson) requested from the Scottish Prison Service (the SPS) a copy of the Orderly Room Procedures and Guidance (ORPG). The SPS failed to reply to this request, and Mr Robertson asked for a review of this decision. The SPS responded to this request and advised Mr Robertson that the ORPG was already accessible to him via the prison library and therefore it was not required to provide him with a copy. Mr Robertson remained dissatisfied and applied to the Commissioner for a decision.
Following an investigation, during which the SPS confirmed that it considered the ORPG to be exempt from disclosure in terms of section 25(1) of FOISA, the Commissioner found that the SPS had partially failed to deal with Mr Robertson’s request for information in accordance with Part 1 of FOISA. He found that the SPS was entitled to withhold the requested document in terms of section 25(1) of FOISA. However, the Commissioner, found that the SPS failed to respond to Mr Robertson’s request for information within the timescale laid down by section 10(1) FOISA. He did not require the SPS to take any action in response to this failure.

Citations:

[2010] ScotIC 214 – 2010

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

Scotland

Information

Updated: 18 April 2022; Ref: scu.433938

Ms X and Scottish Public Services Ombudsman: SIC 21 Dec 2010

Ms X requested from the Scottish Public Services Ombudsman (the SPSO) information relating to complaints. The SPSO responded by providing the information requested. However, Ms X disputed the accuracy and extent of the information provided, having compared it to information received from the SPSO in response to a previous request. Following a review, Ms X remained dissatisfied and
applied to the Commissioner for a decision.
Following an investigation, the Commissioner found that the SPSO had dealt with Ms X’s request for information in accordance with Part 1 of FOISA, by providing the information it held corresponding with the scope of her request.

Citations:

[2010] ScotIC 215 – 2010

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

Scotland

Information

Updated: 18 April 2022; Ref: scu.433943

Surrey County Council (Decision Notice): ICO 28 Jun 2011

ICO The complainant made six requests to Surrey County Council (‘the Council’) for information that focussed on a potential working relationship between two named individuals. Two of those requests were for the complainant’s own personal data and were considered under the Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA). The remaining four were considered by the Commissioner under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (the Act). The Council responded to the questions, but did not explain whether it held relevant recorded information in relation to them all. The Commissioner finds that there is no relevant recorded information for three of those requests, but finds that there was relevant recorded information held for one of them. The Council has now provided the complainant with the recorded information for the outstanding element. The Commissioner is now satisfied that on the balance of probabilities no further relevant recorded information is held by the Council. Information Tribunal appeal number EA/2011/0169 part allowed.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 10 – Complaint Upheld

Citations:

[2011] UKICO FS50315491

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

Data Protection Act 1998, reedom of Information Act 2000

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 18 April 2022; Ref: scu.530621

Surrey County Council (Local Government (County Council)): ICO 23 Mar 2017

The complainant has requested average care package cost information regarding Leonard Cheshire Disability (‘LCD’). Surrey County Council (the ‘Council’) provided some detail but refused to provide much of the information citing section 43(2) (prejudice to commercial interests) as its basis for doing so. Following correspondence with the Commissioner, the Council disclosed the requested information to the complainant. The Commissioner’s decision is that the Council was not entitled to rely on section 43(2) as its basis for withholding the requested information. In failing to provide the information within 20 working days following the request, the Council contravened the requirements of section 1 and section 10 of the Act. Given that the Council has already disclosed the information, no steps are required.
FOI 43: Upheld FOI 1: Upheld FOI 10: Upheld

Citations:

[2017] UKICO FS50635730

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 18 April 2022; Ref: scu.583815

Two Counties Trust Ltd (Education): ICO 27 Mar 2018

The complainant has requested information about special payments made by the Two Counties Trust (‘the Trust’) to former employees of the Manor Academy. The Trust released some information and withheld some under section 40(2) of the FOIA (third person personal data). The Commissioner’s decision is that the Trust is correct to withhold the disputed information under section 40(2) of the FOIA. She also finds that the Trust provided adequate advice and assistance to the complainant and therefore did not breach section 16(1) of the FOIA. The Commissioner does not require the Trust to take any steps.
FOI 40: Complaint not upheld FOI 16: Complaint not upheld

Citations:

[2018] UKICO fs50700588

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 18 April 2022; Ref: scu.617684

Highways England (Central Government): ICO 27 Mar 2018

The complainant has requested information on the rates a particular contractor charges Highways England (HE) for its staff, known as Asset Incident Watchmen (AIW), to attend incidents on the routes it is responsible for. HE have refused the request under section 43(2) of the FOIA on the basis that disclosure would prejudice the commercial interests of both itself and the contractor. The Commissioner’s decision is that section 43(2) is not engaged and therefore by failing to communicate the requested information HE has breached section 1(1)(b) of the FOIA. The Commissioner requires the public authority to disclose the information on the AIW hourly rates for each of the four areas managed by Kier for the period covered by the request.
FOI 43: Complaint upheld

Citations:

[2018] UKICO fs50664292

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 18 April 2022; Ref: scu.617596

Surrey County Council (Decision Notice): ICO 20 Sep 2010

The complainant requested the number of vehicles photographed by a specified speed camera and information on the amount of time that this camera is active. The public authority refused the request and cited the exemptions provided by sections 31(1)(a) (prejudice to the prevention or detection of crime) and 31(1)(b) (prejudice to the apprehension or prosecution of offenders) on the grounds that disclosure of the information requested by the complainant would be likely to lead to vandalism of the speed camera specified in the request. The Commissioner finds that these exemptions are not engaged and the public authority is required to disclose the information requested.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 10 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 31 – Complaint Upheld

Citations:

[2010] UKICO FS50288338

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 18 April 2022; Ref: scu.531689

Open University (Education): ICO 27 Mar 2018

The complainant has requested the names of all external examiners and funding bodies for the PhDs of two members of the science faculty at the Open University. The Commissioner’s decision is that the Open University has correctly applied section 40(2) of the FOIA. The Commissioner does not require the public authority to take any steps.
FOI 40: Complaint not upheld

Citations:

[2018] UKICO fs50695316

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 17 April 2022; Ref: scu.617656

Lincolnshire County Council (Local Government): ICO 27 Mar 2018

The complainant has requested the postcodes of children offered a place at a school. Lincolnshire County Council provided partial postcode information, but withheld full postcodes on the basis of the exemption for third party personal data at section 40(2) of the FOIA. The Commissioner’s decision is that Lincolnshire County Council has correctly applied the exemption. The council is not required to take any steps to ensure compliance with the legislation.
FOI 40(2): Complaint not upheld

Citations:

[2018] UKICO fs50704419

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 17 April 2022; Ref: scu.617614

Public Health England (Health): ICO 17 Apr 2018

The complainant has requested information about the species of Borrelia used to create the VISE component of the Lyme Immunoblot test. Public Health England stated that the requested information was not held. The Commissioner’s decision is that on a balance of probabilities Public Health England do not hold the stated information. The Commissioner does not require Public Health England to take any steps.
FOI 1: Complaint not upheld

Citations:

[2018] UKICO fs50719621

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 16 April 2022; Ref: scu.617751

Lewannick Parish Council (Local Government): ICO 17 Apr 2018

The complainant has requested information with regards to a contract. Lewannick Parish Council provided information it held but the complainant considered the council would hold further information. The Commissioner’s decision is that the council has provided the information it holds within the scope of the request. The Commissioner does not require the council to take any steps.
FOI 1: Complaint not upheld

Citations:

[2018] UKICO fs50701576

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 16 April 2022; Ref: scu.617740

Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council (Local Government): ICO 17 Apr 2018

The complainant has requested recorded information on how the Council handles formal complaints that involve the harm of a vulnerable adult. The Commissioner’s decision is that Wigan Council has breached section 10(1) of the FOIA (time for compliance) by failing to provide the complainant with all relevant information (in this case a procedure) within 20 working days. The Commissioner also finds that the Council has not breached section 1(1)(a) or 1(1)(b) of the FOIA because it confirmed it held the information and provided a working website link to some of it within 20 working days, and subsequently provided a further relevant document by the time the internal review was completed. This decision notice is currently under appeal to the Tribunal.
FOI 10: Complaint upheld FOI 1(1)(a): Complaint not upheld FOI 1(1)(b): Complaint not upheld

Citations:

[2018] UKICO fs50687983

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 16 April 2022; Ref: scu.617769

West Midlands Police (Police and Criminal Justice): ICO 17 Apr 2018

The complainant requested information relating to an historic police investigation and trial. West Midlands Police (WMP) refused the request on the grounds that it imposed a grossly oppressive burden and therefore was vexatious under section 14(1) of the FOIA. The Commissioner’s decision is that the request was not vexatious and so section 14(1) was relied on incorrectly. WMP is now required to issue a fresh response to the request.
FOI 14: Complaint upheld

Citations:

[2018] UKICO fs50713120

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 16 April 2022; Ref: scu.617767

Breckland Council (Local Government): ICO 17 Apr 2018

The complainant has requested copies of all comments made on a planning application. Breckland Council (the council) referred the complainant to its planning website for the comments held. The complainant was not satisfied with the information provided as he stated some comments had been removed and he wanted copies of these also. The Commissioner’s decision is that the council does not hold the deleted comments and has provided the complainant with the information it does hold. The Commissioner does not require the council to take any steps.
FOI 1: Complaint not upheld

Citations:

[2018] UKICO fer0694551

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 16 April 2022; Ref: scu.617704

In re Southern Pacific Personal Loans Ltd: ChD 8 Aug 2013

This application raises issues concerning the relationship between the Data Protection Act 1998 and the winding-up of insolvent companies and the duties of liquidators.
Held: The Joint Liquidators of a company did not take on the duties of a data controller as regards data held by the company before entering into liquidation

Judges:

David Richards J

Citations:

[2013] EWHC 2485 (Ch), [2013] WLR(D) 336

Links:

Bailii, WLRD

Statutes:

Insolvency Act 1986, Data Protection Act 1998 1

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Insolvency, Information

Updated: 15 April 2022; Ref: scu.514981

Ministerio Fiscal – C-207/16: ECJ 3 May 2018

Electronic Communications – Processing of Personal Data – Opinion – Reference for a preliminary ruling – Electronic communications – Processing of personal data – Right to private life and right to protection of personal data – Directive 2002/58/EC – Article 1 and Article 15(1) – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Articles 7 and 8 and Article 52(1) – Data collected in the context of the provision of electronic communications services – Request for access by a police authority for the purposes of a criminal investigation – Principle of proportionality – Concept of ‘serious crime’ capable of justifying an interference with fundamental rights – Criteria of seriousness – Penalty incurred – Minimum threshold

Citations:

ECLI:EU:C:2018:300, [2018] EUECJ C-207/16 – O

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

European

Human Rights, Information

Updated: 14 April 2022; Ref: scu.609515

Verein Deutsche Sprache v Commission: ECFI 23 Apr 2018

ECJ Provisions Governing The Institutions – Judgment – Access to documents – Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 – Documents relating to a Commission decision concerning a change in the appearance of the press room in the Berlaymont building related to the limitation of the display to French and English only English – Partial refusal of access – Commission statement concerning the non-existence of documents – Presumption of lawfulness – Error in law – Obligation to state reasons

Citations:

ECLI:EU:T:2018:207, [2018] EUECJ T-468/16

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

European

Information

Updated: 14 April 2022; Ref: scu.609330

Espirito Santo Financial (Portugal) v ECB: ECFI 26 Apr 2018

Access To Documents – Banco Espirito Santo Sa – Implied Refusal To Grant Access – Judgment – Access to documents – Decision 2004/258/EC – Documents relating to the ECB’s decision of 1 August 2014 concerning Banco Espirito Santo SA – Implied refusal to grant access – Express refusal to grant access – Partial refusal to grant access – Exception relating to the confidentiality of the proceedings of the ECB’s decision-making bodies – Exception relating to the financial, monetary or economic policy of the European Union or of a Member State – Exception relating to the stability of the financial system in the European Union or in a Member State – Exception relating to the protection of commercial interests – Exception relating to opinions intended for internal use – Obligation to state reasons

Citations:

ECLI:EU:T:2018:234, [2018] EUECJ T-251/15

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

European

Information

Updated: 14 April 2022; Ref: scu.609306

NT1 v Google Llc: QBD 18 Jan 2018

An application was made at this pre-trial review, by the claimants in two actions, where they had already obtained orders to preserve their anonymity, for orders protecting that anonymity under the defendant’s search engine.

Judges:

Nicklin J

Citations:

[2019] QB 344, [2018] EWHC 67 (QB) (Rev 3

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

Contempt of Court Act 1981 11, Data Protection Act 1998, General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Citing:

CitedGoogle Spain Sl v Agencia Espanola De Proteccion De Datos (AEPD), Gonzalez ECJ 13-May-2014
Internet Search Engine – Name Removal
ECJ Grand Chamber – Personal data – Protection of individuals with regard to the processing of such data – Directive 95/46/EC – Articles 2, 4, 12 and 14 – Material and territorial scope – Internet search engines . .

Cited by:

See AlsoNT 1 and Another v Google Llc QBD 15-Feb-2018
The claimants sought injunctions to restrain the defendant search engine from listing details of historic convictions. They now sought anonymisation of the proceedings pending trial, and the court considered the form of that anonymisation. . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Information, Litigation Practice

Updated: 13 April 2022; Ref: scu.603728

Brevan Howard Asset Management Llp v Reuters Ltd and Another: CA 7 Jul 2017

Application for an injunction to restrain publication in the media of confidential business information pending trial.

Judges:

Sir Terence Etherton, MR, Longmore, Sharp LJJ

Citations:

[2017] EWCA Civ 950

Links:

Bailii

Statutes:

European Convention on Human Rights 10

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Media, Information, Human Rights

Updated: 13 April 2022; Ref: scu.588987

Hammersmith and Fulham London Borough Council (Local Government (Borough Council)): ICO 2 Aug 2016

ICO The complainant has requested the council to disclose the Pre-planning advice it gave to her neighbour in October 2014, any case notes that were taken by the planning officer during their visit to the property and photographs taken. The council released a redacted version of the Pre-planning advice it holds, citing regulation 12(5)(f) of the EIR for the sections it wished to withhold. It confirmed that it does not hold any case notes relating to the officer’s visit but disclosed all photographs taken to the complainant. The Commissioner’s investigation focussed on the redacted version of the Pre-planning advice and although regulation 12(5)(f) of the EIR was applied by the council, the Commissioner considered the withheld information is third party personal data and regulation 13 of the EIR was more appropriate. The Commissioner’s decision is that the remaining withheld information is exempt from disclosure under regulation 13 of the EIR and therefore no further action is required in this case. She has however recorded a breach of regulation 11 of the EIR, as the council failed to carry out an internal review in 40 working days.
EIR 11: Upheld EIR 13: Not upheld

Citations:

[2016] UKICO FER0616171

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.568521

Department for Work and Pensions (Central Government) FS50567057: ICO 7 Jul 2015

The complainant has requested information from the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) about policy guidance documentation relating to processes of sanctions and appeals in relation to jobseeker claimants and information about the names of those handling the request for information. DWP provided the complainant with relevant documentation and advised that it held nothing further within the scope of the request. It relied on section 40(2) to refuse to provide the names of those handling the request. The Commissioner’s decision is that DWP has disclosed all of the information falling within the scope of the request and was correct to rely on section 40(2) to refuse the request for names of the individuals who had handled the request. The Commissioner does not require DWP to take any further steps.
FOI 40: Not upheld

Citations:

[2015] UKICO FS50567057

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.555584

Department for Work and Pensions (Central Government) FS50564430: ICO 7 Jul 2015

The complainant requested information relating to the provision of Disability Living Allowance (DLA) to deaf children. The DWP refused the request under section 12 of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (the Act) as compliance with the request would exceed the appropriate limit. The Commissioner’s decision is that the DWP is entitled to refuse the request under section 12 of the Act. However, it has breached section 16 by failing to provide advice and assistance to the complainant about his request. The Commissioner requires no steps to be taken.
FOI 12: Not upheld FOI 16: Upheld

Citations:

[2015] UKICO FS50564430

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.555583

Horsham District Council (Local Government (District Council)): ICO 3 Sep 2015

The complainant has requested information relating to specific planning applications. Horsham District Council disclosed some of the requested information and confirmed that other information was not held. The Commissioner’s decision is that Horsham District Council has disclosed all the relevant information it holds and complied with regulation 5(1) of the EIR but that in responding outside 20 working days it breached regulation 5(2) of the EIR. The Commissioner does not require the public authority to take any steps.
EIR 5(1): Not upheld EIR 5(2): Upheld

Citations:

[2015] UKICO FER0580524

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.555810

Department for Education (Central Government): ICO 7 Sep 2015

The complainant has requested information relating to the referrals of specific teachers to the National College for Teaching and Leadership (NCTL). Initially, the DfE refused the requests under section 40(2) and 40(5) of the FOIA. The Commissioner decided to consider the application of section 40(5)(b)(i) of the FOIA to both requests, as he considered this was the most appropriate exemption to cite to such circumstances. The Commissioner’s overall decision is that section 40(5)(b)(i) of the FOIA applies to both requests and therefore the DfE was not required to confirm or deny whether the requested information is held. The Commissioner requires no further action to be taken.
FOI 40: Not upheld

Citations:

[2015] UKICO FS50579856

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.555787

Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Central Government): ICO 8 Jun 2015

The complainant requested information from the Department for Food, Environment and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) relating to a report on fracking/shale gas, the report having been published with redactions. DEFRA refused to provide a copy of the full un-redacted report by virtue of regulation 12(4)(e) (internal communications) and regulation 12(4)(d) (unfinished documents, incomplete data) of the EIRs and section 35(1)(a) of the FOIA (formulation and development of government policy). The Commissioner has determined that the withheld information is all environmental information and that the EIR is the correct regime to consider this request. Having considered the matter his decision is that DEFRA has incorrectly withheld the information. The Commissioner requires DEFRA to disclose to the complainant an unredacted copy of the report. The public authority must take these steps within 35 calendar days of the date of this decision notice. Failure to comply may result in the Commissioner making written certification of this fact to the High Court pursuant to section 54 of the Act and may be dealt with as a contempt of court.
EIR 12(4)(d): Upheld EIR 12(4)(e): Upheld EIR 35(1)(a): Upheld

Citations:

[2015] UKICO FER0562043

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.555468

NHS Business Services Authority (Health (NHS)): ICO 8 Jun 2015

The complainant has requested information on the number of claimants who have had their permanent injury benefit reduced. The NHS Business Service Authority (BSA) refused the request under section 12 on the basis that the cost of complying would exceed the appropriate limit. The Commissioner’s decision is that the BSA was entitled to rely on section 12. The Commissioner does not require the BSA to take any further action in this matter.
FOI 12: Not upheld

Citations:

[2015] UKICO FS50573232

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.555518

Cumbria County Council (Local Government (County Council)): ICO 22 Jul 2015

The complainant has requested an inspection report relating to a named business. Surrey County Council (the ‘Council’) refused to provide it under Regulation 13 (Unfair disclosure of personal data) and upheld this at internal review. The Commissioner’s decision is that the Council should have refused to confirm or deny whether it held the requested report under Regulation 13(5)(a). In failing to conduct an internal review within the statutory period it contravened the requirements of Regulation 11(4). No steps are required.
EIR 5(2): Upheld EIR 12(5)(b): Not upheld

Citations:

[2015] UKICO FER0572376

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.555576

Competition and Markets Authority (Central Government): ICO 30 Jul 2015

The complainant has requested information on communications between the Competition and Markets Authority (‘the CMA’) and the Department of Energy and Climate Change (‘DECC’) relating to the Green Deal Home Improvement Fund and also internal communications at the CMA relating to the fund. The Commissioner’s decision is that the CMA has appropriately responded to the request in applying the section 42 exemption to the limited information held. The Commissioner does not require the public authority to take any steps.
FOI 42: Not upheld

Citations:

[2015] UKICO FS50568993

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.555574

Cabinet Office (Central Government): ICO 15 Jul 2015

The complainant has requested information from the Cabinet Office (CO) about documents declassified for the purposes of publication by the Iraq Inquiry. The CO refused to disclose the requested information relying on FOIA section 22 – information intended for future publication. The Commissioner’s decision is that CO was entitled to rely on section 22 to refuse the request. The Commissioner does not require the Cabinet Office to take any further steps. This decision notice is currently under appeal to the Tribunal.
FOI 22: Not upheld

Citations:

[2015] UKICO FS50579794

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.555559

Learning and Skills Council (Decision Notice): ICO 11 Aug 2009

In September 2005, the complainant made 11 requests in a single item of correspondence. The public authority disclosed some information and withheld the rest. During the course of the Commissioner’s investigation, further information was disclosed to the complainant. The Commissioner has decided that some of the requested information has been correctly withheld under section 40(2) but that other elements should be disclosed. The Commissioner requires that this information be disclosed to the complainant. The Commissioner has concluded that, on the balance of probabilities, the public authority does not hold some of the requested information. The Commissioner decided that the public authority has made a reasonable offer of access to other elements of the requested information, which would not otherwise be made available through disclosure because of section 12. However, the Commissioner has identified a number of procedural shortcomings in the way the public authority handled the complainant’s requests.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 1 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 10 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 12 – Complaint Partly Upheld, FOI 17 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 40 – Complaint Partly Upheld

Citations:

[2009] UKICO FS50108668

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.532140

Cheshire West and Chester Council (Decision Notice): ICO 19 Aug 2010

ICO The complainant submitted a request to Cheshire West and Chester Council (‘the Council’) for information from environmental records held on a property in Chester. The complainant specified that he wished to view the records in person. The Council agreed to provide the information requested but only on the provision of a set fee. The Commissioner-andtrade;s decision is that the Council failed to comply with regulation 5(1) as it failed to make information available on request, and 5(2) as it failed to make it available within the statutory time for compliance. The Council breached regulation 6(1) by failing to comply with the complainant-andtrade;s request to make information available in a particular format. The Council has also breached regulation 8(2)(b) by attempting to impose a charge to allow the complainant to inspect information. In addition, the Council breached regulation 11(4) by failing to provide the outcome of its internal review within 40 working days. The Commissioner requires the Council to make the requested information available for the complainant to inspect within 35 days of this notice.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: EIR 5 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 5 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 6 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 8 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 11 – Complaint Upheld

Citations:

[2010] UKICO FER0276228

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.531579

Office for Standards In Education (Decision Notice): ICO 28 Sep 2009

The complainant made a request under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (the Act) to Ofsted for a copy of the version of the Self-Evaluation Form (SEF) that was used to inform the Ofsted inspection team for the inspection carried out at Shortlanesend CP School (the School) on 21 November 2006. Ofsted refused to disclose the requested information upon reliance on the exemptions contained at sections 33, 40(2) and 41 of the Act. The Commissioner considers that Ofsted correctly applied the exemption contained at section 41 of the Act to withhold the requested information. As the Commissioner found that section 41 of the Act was correctly engaged he did not go on to consider Ofsted’s application of section 33 or 40(2) of the Act.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 41 – Complaint Not upheld

Citations:

[2009] UKICO FS50157902

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.532191

Cheshire West and Chester Council (Decision Notice): ICO 18 Aug 2010

ICO The complainant made a request for recorded information about the reasons why a road had not been adopted by the public authority. The public authority provided an explanation and the complainant requested an internal review. The public authority refused to conduct an internal review, although stated that its position remained the same. The Commissioner has considered this case carefully. He has determined that the information, where held, is environmental information and that this case should be considered under the Environmental Information Regulations (EIR). He found that the public authority did hold one piece of information and has ensured that this has now been provided to the complainant. He has determined that the public authority holds no further relevant recorded information in this case that needs to be provided under Regulation 5(1). However, he finds that the Council have contravened Regulation 5(1) (in failing to provide the single email that it did hold until the Commissioner-andtrade;s investigation), Regulation 5(2) (in failing to provide email in twenty working days), and Regulation 11 (in refusing to conduct an internal review.) He requires no remedial steps to be taken in this case as the single piece of information that is relevant to the request has now been provided.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: EIR 5 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 5 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 11 – Complaint Upheld

Citations:

[2010] UKICO FS50285682

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.531580

Common Council of The City of London (Decision Notice): ICO 22 Apr 2013

The complainant has requested information relating to the rights and employment status of Barbican Centre stewards/hosts. The City of London refused to respond to the request on the grounds that it is vexatious, and applied section 14 FOIA. The Commissioner’s decision is that the CoL has correctly applied section 14 FOIA and that the request is vexatious. The Commissioner therefore does not require the public authority to take any further action in this case.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 14 – Complaint Not upheld

Citations:

[2013] UKICO FS50469440

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.528176

Staffordshire County Council (Decision Notice): ICO 14 Aug 2013

The complainant requested internal legal advice obtained by Staffordshire County Council (the council). The council withheld the information on the basis that it was covered by legal professional privilege and was therefore exempt under section 42(1) of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (the FOIA). The Commissioner’s decision is that the council correctly identified the information as legally privileged but should have refused the request by citing regulation 12(5)(b) of the Environmental Information Regulations (the EIR). The Commissioner does not require any steps to be taken.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: EIR 12.5.b – Complaint Not upheld

Citations:

[2013] UKICO FER0492749

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.528613

Forestry Commission England (Decision Notice): ICO 20 Aug 2013

The complainant requested from the Forestry Commission the felling licence in operation at Moat Wood, Essex. In response the Forestry Commission disclosed the information it held. The complainant has questioned the authenticity of the information that was disclosed and has suggested that the information sent was incomplete. The Commissioner has investigated the complaint and found that the Forestry Commission has disclosed all of the information it holds falling within the scope of the complainant’s requests. The Commissioner’s decision is that the Forestry Commission dealt with the complainant’s requests in accordance with regulations 5(1) and 5(2) of the EIR. The Commissioner requires no steps to be taken.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: EIR 5 – Complaint Not upheld, EIR 5 – Complaint Not upheld

Citations:

[2013] UKICO FER0491253

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.528563

Upshire Primary Foundation School (Decision Notice): ICO 8 Feb 2012

The complainant requested information from Upshire Primary Foundation School (the school) about building work carried out in Upshire pre-school (the pre-school). The school disclosed some information and withheld some under section 40(2) of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (the FOIA). The Information Commissioner (the Commissioner) explained that he considered that the request should have been considered under EIR. The school confirmed it was withholding the information under regulation 13(2)(a)(i). The Commissioner’s decision is that the school has applied regulation 13(2)(a)(i) appropriately. However it is not clear whether the complainant has received a copy of the quote referred to in paragraph 34. If he has not done so, the school should send him a copy.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: EIR 13 – Complaint Not upheld

Citations:

[2012] UKICO FS50401375

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.529239

Dorset County Council (Decision Notice): ICO 7 Aug 2013

The complainant has requested the details of redundancy packages of seven individuals. The Commissioner’s decision is that Dorset County Council (‘the council’) has correctly applied the exemption for personal data at section 40(2) of the FOIA. He does not require any steps to be taken.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 40 – Complaint Not upheld

Citations:

[2013] UKICO FS50489704

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.528561

Idowu (Prosecution): ICO 15 Aug 2013

A probation officer who revealed a domestic abuse victim’s new address to the alleged perpetrator has been fined pounds 150 following a prosecution bought by the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO).
Victoria Idowu claimed that she provided the victim’s full name, new address and date of birth, along with the details of the investigating officer, as she believed that the individual already knew this information and she was keen to avoid a case of mistaken identity.
The victim subsequently contacted the investigating officer on 6 January 2013 – the day the information was illegally provided – in a distressed state confirming that the perpetrator was now aware of their new address. The victim broke off all contact with the police and the other services involved, believing that they could no longer be trusted. The investigation against the alleged perpetrator was subsequently dropped.
Appearing at Camberwell Green Magistrates Court today, 39-year-old Victoria Idowu was prosecuted under section 55 of the Data Protection Act and fined pounds 150 and ordered to pay a pounds 20 victim surcharge and a pounds 250 contribution towards costs.
Information Commissioner, Christopher Graham, said:
‘This is the unpleasant but unremarkable face of data protection crime – not journalists, not lawyers, just individuals for whom the current sentencing regime holds no terror.
‘Ms Idowu escaped with only a relatively minor penalty and no criminal record. The government must act now to introduce tougher penalties for individuals who illegally access and disclose personal information.
‘This is not just a criminal breach of the Data Protection Act, but it also led to a police investigation of alleged domestic abuse being dropped.’
Unlawfully obtaining or accessing personal data is a criminal offence under section 55 of the Data Protection Act 1998. The offence is punishable by way of ‘fine only’ – up to pounds 5,000 in a Magistrates Court or an unlimited fine in a Crown Court. The ICO continues to call for more effective deterrent sentences, including the threat of prison, to be available to the courts to stop the unlawful use of personal information.
Ms Idowu, who had worked at the trust since October 2005, has already been the subject of disciplinary proceedings by London Probation Trust, which resulted in her employment being terminated due to gross misconduct.

Citations:

[2013] UKICO 2013-39

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.528578

Isle of Wight Council (Decision Notice): ICO 8 Aug 2013

The complainant made a multipart request to Isle of Wight Council (the council) broadly regarding the school reorganisation project. Some of the requested information was his personal data and was therefore considered under the Data Protection Act 1998 (the DPA). The remainder was considered by the council under the FOIA. The council responded to those requests. However in responding outside 20 working days the Commissioner’s decision is that the council failed to comply with section 10 of the FOIA. The Commissioner does not require the council to take any steps.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 10 – Complaint Upheld

Citations:

[2013] UKICO FS50491651

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.528581

Kirklees Metropolitan Council (Decision Notice): ICO 16 Aug 2012

The complainant requested e-mails containing the word ‘Kingsgate’, sent by a named officer in Kirklees Regeneration, for a 6 month period preceding the opening day of a public inquiry. During the course of the Commissioner’s investigation the public authority disclosed the information. The Commissioner’s decision is that in disclosing the information outside the time for compliance Kirklees Metropolitan Council breached regulation 5(2) of the EIR. The Commissioner notes that there were serious delays in issuing a refusal notice and conducting the internal review. The Commissioner therefore finds that the council also breached regulations 14(2) and 11(4). As the information has now been disclosed, the Commissioner does not require the public authority to take any steps in this case.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: EIR 5 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 11 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 14 – Complaint Upheld

Citations:

[2012] UKICO FER0418483

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.529743

Sabato and Highland Health Board (204): SIC 12 Dec 2012

SIC Failure to respond to request and requirement for review – This decision considers whether Highland Health Board (NHS Highland) complied with the technical requirements of the Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002 (FOISA) in responding to an information request made by Mr Sabato.

Citations:

[2012] ScotIC 204 – 2012)

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

Scotland

Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.470177

Regina (HTV Ltd) v Bristol City Council: QBD 14 May 2004

The claimant sought disclosure by the respondent of their accounts, intending to use the material in a television program.
Held: As ratepayers, they were entitled to the information. The respondent was not free to refuse it because it disapproved of the intended use.

Judges:

Elias J

Citations:

Times 09-Jun-2004, [2004] EWHC 1219 (Admin), [2004] 1 WLR 2717

Statutes:

Audit Commission Act 1988 15

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Citing:

CitedMarginson v Tildsley 1903
. .
CitedThe King v Bedwellty Urban District Council, ex parte Price 1934
. .

Cited by:

CitedVeolia Es Nottinghamshire Ltd v Nottinghamshire County Council and Others CA 29-Oct-2010
An elector sought disclosure under the 1988 Act concerning a contract with certain contractors. The authority refused saying that they were commercially sensitive, and the company said that doisclosure would affect its own human rights.
Held: . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Local Government, Information

Updated: 12 April 2022; Ref: scu.198147

Regina v Chief Constables of C and D, Ex Parte A: QBD 7 Nov 2000

The passing of sensitive personal information between one police force and another was not a decision subject to obligations which made it subject to judicial review. Information falling short of convictions could properly be passed, and information passed between police forces rather than between police forces and other authorities was subject to lesser controls. There was no breach of the Data Protection Acts. With regard to the earlier Act the data was processed manually, and for both, the information passed was for the purposes of prevention and detection of crime. Disclosures outside the police force were required to pass the test of being to satisfy a pressing need.

Citations:

Times 07-Nov-2000

Statutes:

Data Protection Act 1984, Data Protection Act 1998

Police, Judicial Review, Information

Updated: 09 April 2022; Ref: scu.85184

In Re Pinochet Ugarte: QBD 7 Jan 2000

In extradition proceedings which had been before the House of Lords it might be right for the papers to be served on interested third parties and human rights organisations. At that level, the matter discussed were primarily legal. However when the matter was at divisional level or below there had to be overwhelming reason for such bodies to be party to what were essentially criminal proceedings. No such reason was shown here, and no papers would be served.

Citations:

Gazette 07-Jan-2000, Times 16-Feb-2000

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Citing:

See AlsoRegina v Secretary of State for Home Department ex parte Augusto Pinochet Ugarte Admn 27-May-1999
The applicant, the former president of Chile, sought to challenge an order allowing an application for his extradition to proceed. He said that once the matters deemed inadmissible had been excluded, there was insufficicient ground to allow the . .

Cited by:

See AlsoRegina v Secretary of State for Home Department ex parte Augusto Pinochet Ugarte Admn 27-May-1999
The applicant, the former president of Chile, sought to challenge an order allowing an application for his extradition to proceed. He said that once the matters deemed inadmissible had been excluded, there was insufficicient ground to allow the . .
Lists of cited by and citing cases may be incomplete.

Criminal Practice, Extradition, Information

Updated: 08 April 2022; Ref: scu.82120

University of Oxford (Decision Notice): ICO 21 Jul 2009

The complainant requested information from Oxford University relating to the consideration, by the University’s Donations Acceptance Review Committee (‘DARC’), of a gift from an entrepreneur. The University replied, refusing to release this information and providing no grounds for doing so. It did, however, give some general information about the guidelines used by the DARC. The complainant requested an internal review. Following the review, the University provided some further information, to the effect that the DARC did consider the proposed gift, confirming that a number of documents were used by the University during this process and drawing the complainant’s attention to a number of publicly available information sources. However, it claimed exemption for some information, citing 43(2) of the Act and maintaining that some of the information was personal in respect of the donor. It also maintained that the public interest in maintaining the exemption outweighed the public interest in disclosing the information. The Commissioner has decided that, in failing to specify in its refusal notice all of the exemptions that applied to each element of the requested information, the public authority breached section 17(1) (b). The Commissioner has also decided that all of the withheld information should be released as he considers that sections 40(2) and 43(2) are not engaged. The public authority had therefore breached section 1(1) (b) in failing to disclose this information and section 10(1) in not doing so within the required period. The Commissioner requires that the information be released within 35 days. Information Tribunal appeal EA/2009/0068 withdrawn.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 1 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 10 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 17 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 40 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 43 – Complaint Upheld

Citations:

[2009] UKICO FS50173361

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 06 April 2022; Ref: scu.532112

Highways Agency (Decision Notice): ICO 16 Jul 2009

The complainant made a request to the Highways Agency for the legal advice obtained by it in relation to a planning inquiry relating to restrictions put in place at the Orwell Crossing Lorry Park in Suffolk both before and after the Planning Inspector made his decision to allow the appeal by the lorry park owners in July 2007. The complainant also requested correspondence between the Highways Agency and a number of bodies relating to the provision of parking facilities now and in the future for lorries and heavy goods vehicles in the county. Finally the complainant requested any index or appendix attached to any of the information relevant to the requests set out above. The Highways Agency provided some of the information requested by the complainant however it refused to disclose information pertaining to the legal advice as it stated that it was exempt from disclosure under section 42(1) of the Freedom of Information Act 2000. Furthermore the Highways Agency confirmed that it did not hold any index or appendix attached to the withheld legal advice. The Commissioner considers that the Highways Agency incorrectly dealt with the complainant’s request under the Act and should have processed it under the Environmental Information Regulations 2004 as it was a request for environmental information. However the Commissioner has concluded that the information pertaining to the legal advice is excepted from disclosure by virtue of Regulation 12(5)(b) and therefore the Highways Agency was not obliged to comply with Regulation 5(1). Furthermore the Commissioner considers that the Highways Agency does not hold any index or appendix attached to the legal advice under Regulation 12(4)(a). Finally the Commissioner considers that the Highways Agency breached Regulation 14(1), 14(2) and 14(3)(a) as it failed to deal with the request under the correct access regime.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 42 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 5 – Complaint Not upheld, EIR 12.4.a – Complaint Not upheld, EIR 12.5.b – Complaint Not upheld, EIR 14 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 14 – Complaint Upheld, EIR 14 – Complaint Upheld

Citations:

[2009] UKICO FS50209611

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 06 April 2022; Ref: scu.532100

Transport for London (Decision Notice): ICO 29 Jun 2009

The complainant made a request under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 to Transport for London for its internal guidance relating to how it considers appeal representations made against a Penalty Charge Notice (PCN). TfL confirmed that it held the requested information but stated that it was exempt from disclosure under section 31(1)(g) in conjunction with section 31(2)(c) of the Act. The Commissioner considers that this exemption is engaged and that the public interest in maintaining the exemption outweighs the public interest in disclosure. Information Tribunal appeal EA/2009/0061 allowed.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 31 – Complaint Not upheld

Citations:

[2009] UKICO FS50199511

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 06 April 2022; Ref: scu.532072

Snowdonia National Park Authority (Decision Notice): ICO 19 Mar 2012

The complainant requested a copy of a Section 106 Agreement for a particular property. Snowdonia National Park Authority provided the information in Welsh. The complainant asked for the document to be translated into English. The Authority stated it did not hold the requested information in English and it was not required under the FOIA to translate information into alternative languages. The Commissioner’s decision is that the Authority should have handled the request under the EIR as opposed to the FOIA. The Commissioner’s decision is that the Authority complied with regulation 5 of the EIR as it provided the recorded information held relevant to the request. The Commissioner is also satisfied that the Authority was under no obligation to translate the document into English, and as such regulation 6(1) of the EIR does not apply. The Commissioner requires no steps to be taken.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: EIR 5 – Complaint Not upheld

Citations:

[2012] UKICO FS50434072

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 06 April 2022; Ref: scu.529350

Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman (Decision Notice): ICO 17 May 2007

The complainant wrote to the public authority to request copies of transcripts of two interviews it had conducted in the course of investigating a complaint against the West Yorkshire Ambulance Service NHS Trust. The public authority refused to disclose the information under section 44 of the Act. The public authority said that the relevant statutory prohibition was section 15(1) of the Health Service Commissioner’s Act 1993. The Information Commissioner has investigated the complaint and is satisfied that section 44 of the Act was correctly applied. However, the Information Commissioner has found that the public authority breached section 17 of the Act by failing to issue a refusal notice within 20 working days of receiving the request. An appeal was made to the Information Tribunal, but the appeal was dismissed.
FOI 17: Upheld

Citations:

[2007] UKICO FS50140862

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 06 April 2022; Ref: scu.532940

BBC (Decision Notice) FS50311208: ICO 8 Nov 2010

The complainant requested the details of all the evidence considered by the Governors’ Committee of the BBC (now the BBC Trust Editorial Standards Committee) in coming to a decision regarding a Radio Stoke broadcast in February 2006. The BBC stated that the requested information fell outside the scope of the Act because it is information held for the purposes of journalism, art or literature. The Commissioner’s decision is that the requested information is genuinely held for the purposes of journalism. Therefore the BBC is not obliged to comply with Parts I to V of the Act. Information Tribunal appeal EA/2010/0191 withdrawn.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 1 – Complaint Not upheld

Citations:

[2010] UKICO FS50311208

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 06 April 2022; Ref: scu.531747

Bedgrove Junior School (Decision Notice): ICO 30 Jul 2009

The complainants requested recorded information from the public authority about the SATs results of its Year 5 pupils. They also requested some of its policies. The Commissioner has determined that some information has been correctly withheld by virtue of section 40(2). This information consists of the names of children and letters relating to their teaching requirements. He did however find that an anonymised version of the information should have been provided and the school breached sections 1(1)(b) and 10(1) in not disclosing this information within the statutory timescales. The Commissioner has also found breaches of sections 9(3), 17(1)(b) and 19(1)(a) of the Act. The Commissioner has provided guidance to the public authority about various aspects of handling freedom of information requests. The Commissioner requires no more remedial steps to be taken in this particular case. Information Tribunal appeal number EA/2009/0064 dismissed.
Section of Act/EIR and Finding: FOI 1 – Complaint Partly Upheld, FOI 9 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 10 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 16 – Complaint Not upheld, FOI 17 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 19 – Complaint Upheld, FOI 40 – Complaint Not upheld

Citations:

[2009] UKICO FS50194697

Links:

Bailii

Jurisdiction:

England and Wales

Information

Updated: 06 April 2022; Ref: scu.532077