VALUE ADDED TAX – penalty for dishonest evasion of VAT – liability of officer of company – ss 60 and 61 Value Added Tax Act 1994 – was appellant dishonest – ability of officer to appeal against the amount of the penalty – amount of reduction for co-operation during HMRC’s investigation – appeal dismissed Citations: … Continue reading Jarvis v Revenue and Customs (Value Added Tax – Penalty for Dishonest Evasion): FTTTx 27 Jan 2020
INCOME TAX/VALUE ADDED TAX – whether Appellant had undeclared trading income – time limit for issuing discovery assessment – whether Appellant’s VAT returns were inaccurate – whether Appellant liable for penalty for failure to file self-assessment tax returns – s 93 Taxes Management Act 1970 – whether Appellant’s conduct dishonest/deliberate – s 60 Value Added … Continue reading Qolaminejite v Revenue and Customs (Income Tax/Value Added Tax – Undeclared Trading Income): FTTTx 2 Dec 2019
Evasion of VAT does not require proof of intent to permanently deprive, ‘evasion’ can consist in a deferment, rather than permanent evasion, of a liability. Citations: Times 13-Dec-1994, [1995] STC 217 Statutes: Value Added Tax Act 1983 39(1) Jurisdiction: England and Wales Cited by: Cited – Zen Internet Ltd v Customs and Excise VDT 5-Apr-2004 … Continue reading Regina v Dealy: CACD 13 Dec 1994
Vat – Reduced Rates : Other Citations: [2018] UKFTT 28 (TC) Links: Bailii Jurisdiction: England and Wales Cited by: Appeal from – Snow Factor Ltd v Revenue and Customs UTTC 8-Mar-2019 Value Added Tax – Application Under Section 85B of Vata 1994 . .See Also – Snow Factor Ltd, Snow Factor Training Ltd v Revenue … Continue reading Snow Factor Ltd v Revenue and Customs: FTTTx 24 Jan 2018
FTTtx Vat – Penalties : Reasonable Excuse – VAT – default surcharge – ss59 and 71, Value Added Tax Act 1994 – reasonable excuse – incorrect advice by a taxpayer’s accountant – incorrect information provided to the taxpayer’s accountant by HMRC over two years earlier – appeal dismissed [2015] UKFTT 379 (TC) Bailii England and … Continue reading Whiston Motor Factors Ltd v Revenue and Customs: FTTTx 6 Aug 2015
The appellant had requested a hardship allowance so as not to have to pay claimed VAT before the hearing of an appeal. That was refused, and the claimant now said that the rules restricting an appeal against such a refusal were unlawful.
Held: . .
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Judges: Tuckey LJ, Arden LJ, Lloyd LJ Citations: [2006] EWCA Civ 1572 Links: Bailii Statutes: Value Added Tax Act 1994 60 Jurisdiction: England and Wales VAT Updated: 19 November 2022; Ref: scu.246375
The taxpayer appealed against the dismissal of his appeal from a decision of the commissioners. He said that he had been represented at the appeal by an accountant rather than by a lawyer because he was ignorant of a right to publicly funded assistance. Held: Since the accountant could properly appear to represent his client, … Continue reading Khan v HM Revenue and Customs: CA 23 Feb 2006
The Court considered the applicability of the European Convention of Human Rights to VAT and Excise procedures, namely whether or not the imposition by the Commissioners of Customs and Excise of (ostensibly civil) penalties for alleged dishonest evasion of tax pursuant to S.60(1) of the Value Added Tax Act 1994 and s.8(1) of the Finance … Continue reading Yau and others v Customs and Excise: CA 3 Jul 2001
VDT VALUE ADDED TAX – Assessment in default of proper returns by the taxpayer – Allegation by Commissioners that Appellant incorrectly apportioned supplies and suppressed takings – Assessment to the Commissioners best judgment – Value Added Tax Act 1994, s.73(1) – Appeal dismissedCIVIL EVASION PENALTY – Evasion of tax – Conduct involving dishonesty – Value … Continue reading Khaira (T/A Tony Fish Bar) v Revenue and Customs: VDT 6 Apr 2006
The applicant claimed that proceedings under which he had been accused of fraud in dishonestly evading VAT liability were in reality criminal proceedings and that the minimum standards of a fair trial applied. Held: The characterisation under the rules of such proceedings as civil was a starting point only. The fact that no sanction of … Continue reading Han and Yau t/a Murdishaw Supper Bar, and Others v Commissioners of Customs and Excise: CA 3 Jul 2001
FTTTx EVASION – VAT civil evasion penalty – sections 60 and 61 VATA 1994 – payment of central VAT assessments over long period – assessments lower than the VAT actually due – whether Appellants knew of the discrepancy – liability of director for penalty – whether HMRC satisfied burden of proof – appeals allowed [2014] … Continue reading Kendricks Planning Ltd v Revenue and Customs: FTTTx 6 Aug 2014
FTTTx Value Added Tax – Group 6 Schedule 9 VATA 1994 – Supply of Education -Whether catering and entertainment closely related supplies -Whether exempt supplies – Yes – Appeal Allowed. Citations: [2013] UKFTT 153 (TC) Links: Bailii Statutes: Value Added Tax Act 1994 Jurisdiction: England and Wales Cited by: Appeal from – HM Revenue and … Continue reading Brockenhurst College v Revenue and Customs: FTTTx 5 Nov 2012
(Scotland) The Court was asked ‘Did the sale and leaseback of a care home involve the disposal of the owner’s entire interest, such that it effectively lost the benefit of zero-rating under paragraph 36(2) of Schedule 10 to the Value Added Tax Act 1994?’ Judges: Lord Hodge, Deputy President, Lord Briggs, Lady Arden, Lord Sales, … Continue reading Balhousie Holdings Ltd v Revenue and Customs: SC 31 Mar 2021
VALUE ADDED TAX – VAT Mini One Stop Shop (MOSS) Scheme – Cancellation of registration -whether the appellant had persistently failed to comply with its obligations – paragraph 7(e) Schedule 3BA Value Added Tax Act 1994 – whether HMRC had issued reminders in relation to late VAT returns in accordance with Article 58b(2)(a) and Article … Continue reading Krystal Hosting Ltd v Revenue and Customs: FTTTx 4 Nov 2020
The claimant sought to challenge search warrants issued by the respondents. The warrants were criticised as being too widely drawn, and in breach of the 1984 Act. Criticism was also made of the implementation of the searches, in the use of excess numbers of officers, and the taking of images of hard disks, thus acquiring … Continue reading Da Costa and Co (a Firm) and Collins v Thames Magistrates Court and H M Commissioners of Customs and Excise: QBD 25 Jan 2002
FTTTx VALUE ADDED TAX – construction of buildings – whether zero-rated or standard-rated supplies – whether construction of a building by a college was an enlargement of, or an extension to, an existing building, or the construction of an annexe to an existing building – whether, if an annexe, it was capable of functioning independently … Continue reading Leyton Sixth Form College v Revenue and Customs: FTTTx 13 Nov 2013
VAT – classification of single composite supply – objective character or economic reality – supply of pitch hire, a licence to occupy football and netball pitches or the supply of competitive 5 or 7-a-side league matches – grant of any interest in or right over land or of any licence to occupy land for the … Continue reading Revenue and Customs v Netbusters (UK) Limited: UTTc 5 Jul 2022
The claimant investment Trust companies sought repayment of taxes paid in error by way of restitution. Held: The range of the the law of restitution to recover any tax unlawfully exacted was to be be restricted to those situations where the sums paid to the public authority were so paid in fulfilment of an apparent … Continue reading Investment Trust Companies v Revenue and Customs: ChD 26 Mar 2013
PENALTY – Evasion – S.60 and S.61 of Value Added Tax Act 1994 – Appellant director of clothing manufacturer – Whether invoices from another company amounting to half of Appellant’s company’s output genuine – Appeal dismissed Citations: [2005] UKVAT V19045 Links: Bailii Jurisdiction: England and Wales VAT Updated: 26 July 2022; Ref: scu.225138
FTTTx VALUE ADDED TAX – assessments – best judgment – examination of till records – programming of till – whether transactions fully reflected in VAT returns – evidence showing omission of transactions from main records – assessments confirmed – penalties under s 60 VATA 1994 and Sch 24 FA 2007 also confirmed – appeals dismissed … Continue reading Serla Ltd v Revenue and Customs: FTTTx 25 Jun 2014
VALUE ADDED TAX – input tax – promotional scheme – manufacturer and distributor of domestic heating appliances awarding points to installers purchasing its appliances – points redeemable for gifts listed in catalogue -scheme run by marketing company which acquired and distributed the gifts – whether VAT included in marketing company’s invoices to Appellant recoverable input … Continue reading Baxi Group Ltd v Revenue and Customs: VDT 20 Jan 2006
The respondent controlled a VAT group of companies. Its shareholding in TDL was transferred to a charitable trust, and the Commissioners were informed that it was no longer a member of the group. The commissioners contended that it remained a member up to the end of the accounting period. Held: The provisions of the Act … Continue reading Commissioners of Customs and Excise v Barclays Bank Plc: CA 17 Oct 2001
VDT VALUE ADDED TAX – dishonest evasion – VATA s 60 – appellant paying six successive centrally-issued assessments for less than the true liability – inadequate attempts to put accounting records in order – whether ‘dishonest’ – yes – appeal dismissed but reduction for mitigation increased Judges: Colin Bishopp C Citations: [2004] UKVAT V18563 Links: … Continue reading Zen Internet Ltd v Customs and Excise: VDT 5 Apr 2004
The unincorporated association employed staff to provide services to its members. The cost was paid from subscriptions. Held: The provision of these services was chargeable to VAT, and the subscriptions were accordingly liable to VAT. Provisions within the constitution that such services were supplied by the association as agent for the members, were insufficient to … Continue reading Eastbourne Town Radio Cars Association v Commissioners of Customs and Excise: HL 4 Apr 2001
The appellants operated a system of placing their vending machines in clubs for the sale of cigarettes. They took as consideration a share of the profits of the cigarettes sold, and, in return, maintained the machines. They claimed that the machines were not placed pursuant to a licence to occupy land, a licence of immovable … Continue reading Commissioners of Customs and Excise v Sinclair Collis Limited: HL 7 Jun 2001
The taxpayer appealed a decision of the VAT tribunal. The taxpayer entered into contracts with its members to provide services, including funeral services. Part of the payments was agreed to be in respect of exempt services, but the charge included an element for administration. The taxpayer asserted that they were not dissociable. Held: The only … Continue reading Co-Operative Wholesale Society Limited v Commissioners of Customs and Excise: CA 26 Jul 2000
VAT – Zero-Rating : Exports – section 30(6), Value Added Tax Act 1994 – VAT Notice 703 – evidence of export – whether or not the totality of evidence fulfilled the requirements – no – appeal dismissed Citations: [2017] UKFTT 63 (TC) Links: Bailii Jurisdiction: England and Wales VAT Updated: 05 April 2022; Ref: scu.605753
Vat – Zero-Rating : Food, Etc – VALUE ADDED TAX – whether bicarbonate of soda sold as baking ingredient is ‘food of a kind used for human consumption’ and so zero-rated for VAT purposes – section 30(2) and item 1 Group 1 Schedule 8 Value Added Tax Act 1994 – appeals allowed Citations: [2018] UKFTT … Continue reading Phoenix Foods Ltd v Revenue and Customs: FTTTx 9 Jan 2018
Discovery assessments – section 29 Taxes Management Act 1970 – Best Judgement VAT assessments – section 73 Value Added Tax Act 1994 – penalties – Schedule 24 Finance Act 2007 Citations: [2020] UKFTT 221 (TC) Links: Bailii Jurisdiction: England and Wales VAT Updated: 30 January 2022; Ref: scu.651603
Judges: Arden, Rimer LJJ, Ryder J Citations: [2011] EWCA Civ 1607, [2012] BVC 1, [2012] STI 34 Links: Bailii Statutes: Value Added Tax Act 1994 Jurisdiction: England and Wales VAT Updated: 28 January 2022; Ref: scu.450113
FTTTx VAT – exemptions – subscriptions to association providing services to members – whether primary purpose of fostering professional expertise of its members – whether objects in the public domain and of philanthropic or civic nature – item 1(c) and item 1(e) Group 9 Schedule 9 Value Added Tax Act 1994 – appeals dismissed [2016] … Continue reading The Association of Graduate Careers Advisory Services v Revenue and Customs (VAT – Exempt Supplies : Professional Bodies): FTTTx 9 Aug 2016
VALUE ADDED TAX – release of an option to acquire land – whether an exempt or taxable supply – Group 1 Schedule 9 Value Added Tax Act 1994 – Articles 14 and 135 (1) VAT Directive 2006 [2020] UKFTT 220 (TC) Bailii England and Wales VAT Updated: 22 January 2022; Ref: scu.651602
FTTTx VAT – DIY Builders Scheme – Section 35 Value Added Tax Act 1994 – Inaccurate claim – Administrative error by Appellant’s representatives – Incorrectly completed form sent by his accountants to the Appellant for signature – Adjustments made by HMRC – Penalty applied – Schedule 24 Finance Act 2007 – Whether the appellant took … Continue reading Coates v Revenue and Customs: FTTTx 16 Sep 2015
FTTTx VAT – Default Surcharge – reasonable excuse – insufficiency of funds – whether trading conditions and economic climate relevant – Value Added Tax Act 1994, Section 71(1)(a) – No – appeal dismissed [2015] UKFTT 425 (TC) Bailii Value Added Tax Act 1994 71(1)(a) England and Wales VAT Updated: 03 January 2022; Ref: scu.552003
Value Added Tax Act 1994 (VATA), Schedule 8, Group 5, Note 2. Refund to persons constructing certain dwellings – residential conversion – separate use or disposal of the dwelling was prohibited by the terms of the statutory planning consent at the time the conversion was designed – thus works were not eligible. Appeal dismissed. [2012] … Continue reading Hopkins v Revenue and Customs: FTTTx 19 Apr 2012
Certain investment trust companies (ITCs) sought refunds of VAT paid on the supply of investment management services. EU law however clarified that they were not due. Refunds were restricted by the Commissioners both as to the amounts and limitation . .
FTTtx VAT – DIY residential conversion scheme – conversion of commercial unit comprising two separate buildings into a ‘live/work’ unit – one building converted to residential dwelling – planning permission . .
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