The acquired rights directive applies to a board of governors of a school since it is an ’emanation of state’. LMA This was a claim by teachers who had lost their jobs. They claimed the protection of te hDirective. Held: The governing body of the voluntary aided school was an emanation of the State. The … Continue reading National Union of Teachers and others v Governing Body of St Mary’s Church of England (Aided) Junior School and others: CA 12 Dec 1996
The respondent was employed by the appellant. He was resident in GB, and was based here, but much work was overseas. At the time of his dismissal he was working in Libya. The company denied that UK law applied. He alleged unfair dismissal. Held: The company’s appeal failed. The details that he was dismissed by … Continue reading Ravat v Halliburton Manufacturing and Services Ltd: SC 8 Feb 2012
1267 – 1278 – 1285 – 1297 – 1361 – 1449 – 1491 – 1533 – 1677 – 1688 – 1689 – 1700 – 1706 – 1710 – 1730 – 1737 – 1738 – 1751 – 1774 – 1792 – 1793 – 1804 – 1814 – 1819 – 1824 – 1828 – 1831 – 1832 … Continue reading Acts
EAT UNFAIR DISMISSAL Reason for dismissal including some other substantial reason The correct interpretation of section 106 of Employment Rights Act 1996 (‘the Act’) was considered. The condition set by section 106(2)(a) of the Act will not be met unless there is clear and unambiguous language used in the written information given to the employee … Continue reading Victoria and Albert Museum v Durrant: EAT 5 Jan 2011
The claimant was hired in March 2007 under a contract which provided that she was responsible for paying her income tax. Between March 2007 and July 2014, she did not pay tax. The respondent was unaware of this until 2014. There was then a dispute as to whether the claimant was employed or self-employed, and … Continue reading Robinson v His Highness Sheikh Khalid Bin Saqr Al Qasim (Whistleblowing, Protected Disclosures): EAT 4 Feb 2020
EAT JURISDICTIONAL POINTS – Claim in time and effective date of termination The Claimants were summarily dismissed with immediate effect on 5 October 2010. They appealed; and while their appeals were otherwise unsuccessful they were told that the date of termination of their employment would be the date of the appeal (4 November); and they … Continue reading Hawes and Curtis Ltd v Arfan and Another: EAT 1 Jun 2012
The claimant had taken maternity leave under which she had been entitled to return up to five years later. The Council transferred its workforce to Capita, and she now said that the Council and Capita had failed to comply with the contractual and statutory obligations. Citations: [2001] UKEAT 1060 – 00 – 0103 Links: Bailii … Continue reading Rhoden-Burke v Lambeth and Another: EAT 1 Mar 2001
EAT UNFAIR DISMISSALAn act is on the ground that an employer has made a protected disclosure within the meaning of the Employment Rights Act 1996 section 47B if it is done by reason of such a disclosure or because the act was inherently for such a reason. Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police v Khan … Continue reading Vivian v Bournemouth Borough Council: EAT 4 Feb 2011
Lord Cairns said: ‘A reason for the dismissal of an employee is a set of facts known to the employer, or it may be of beliefs held by him, which cause him to dismiss the employee. If at the time of his dismissal the employer gives a reason for it, that is no doubt evidence, … Continue reading Abernethy v Mott Hay and Anderson: CA 1974
EAT UNFAIR DISMISSALAn act is on the ground that an employer has made a protected disclosure within the meaning of the Employment Rights Act 1996 section 47B if it is done by reason of such a disclosure or because the act was inherently for such a reason. Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police v Khan … Continue reading Vivian v Bournemouth Borough Council: EAT 6 May 2011
Where the employer wrongly characterises the statutory reasons as one of conduct he is not prevented from relying on the correct statutory reason where the essential issues are known to both parties. The Tribunal was said to have alighted on a particular phrase in the letter of dismissal, which it construed, wrongly on the facts, … Continue reading Wilson v Post Office: CA 26 May 2000
Unfair dismissal – reasonableness of dismissal – section 98(4) Employment Rights Act 1996 The Claimant was a teacher employed by the Respondent who had an unblemished career until it was alleged that he had acted inappropriately by grabbing a pupil (pupil A), pushing him against a wall and putting his fingers to the pupil’s throat. … Continue reading Hargreaves v Manchester Grammar School: EAT 11 Jun 2018
EAT UNFAIR DISMISSAL: Reasonableness of dismissal / Mitigation of lossSTATUTORY DISCIPLINE AND GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES – Whether infringedAn Employment Tribunal had correctly held that the failure of an employer to provide adequate details of the complaints against an employee vitiated the disciplinary proceedings so that the dismissal was automatically unfair by virtue of Section 98A Employment … Continue reading Sandsfield Gravel Co Ltd v Loving: EAT 28 Apr 2009
The claimant said his dismissal had been automatically unfair under section 106(a) which protected him as a whistleblower. The court was asked whether any disclosure had to relate to an actual criminal offence, or otherwise what would be sufficient. The claimant had reported a failure by the college to act on reports that another lecturer … Continue reading Babula v Waltham Forest College: CA 7 Mar 2007
Citations: [2019] UKEAT 0016 – 18 – 2106 Links: Bailii Statutes: Employment Rights Act 1996 Jurisdiction: England and Wales Employment Updated: 10 July 2022; Ref: scu.639220
Renewed application for permission to appeal. Judges: Buxton LJ, Maurice Kay LJ Citations: [2006] EWCA Civ 1154 Links: Bailii Statutes: Employment Rights Act 1996 47B Jurisdiction: England and Wales Citing: Cited – Kraus v Penna Plc and Another EAT 20-Nov-2003 The claimant said that his dismissal was automatically unfair on the basis that he had … Continue reading Babula v Waltham Forest College: CA 21 Jul 2006
The tribunal set out the test for whether a dismissal was for redundancy: ‘Free of authority, we understand the statutory framework . . involve a three-stage process: (1) was the employee dismissed: If so, (2) had the requirements of the employer’s business for employees to carry out work of a particular kind ceased or diminished, … Continue reading Safeway Stores Plc v Burrell: EAT 24 Jan 1997
The respondent resisted a claim of unfair dismissal and race discrimination on the basis that the employment contract was illegal since the claimant was an immigrant and unable to work without a work permit. Held: The Court of Appeal upheld a defence of illegality to a teacher’s complaint against a school of unlawful discrimination by … Continue reading V v Addey and Stanhope School: CA 30 Jul 2004
The claimant alleged that she had been dismissed for making qualifying disclosures about her employers. The employer said that her actions had not been in good faith. The claimant answered that her motive was irrelevant. The claimant appealed dismissal of her claim. Held: The minimum requirement of the Act was that the disclosures were made … Continue reading Street v Derbyshire Unemployed Workers’ Centre: CA 21 Jul 2004
EAT Judge McMullen QC adopted a limited view of the scope of the new principle of stable employment set out at the ECJ and HL. He thought it was intended ‘to rescue employees who do not have a permanent job’; and that it was confined to cases of the kind considered by the ECJ, that … Continue reading Preston and others v Wolverhampton Healthcare NHS Trust and others: EAT 3 Nov 2003
The claimant said that his dismissal was automatically unfair on the basis that he had made a qualifying disclosure. Held: ‘the worker’s reasonable belief in s.43B(1) relates to the information which he is disclosing and not to the existence of a legal obligation which does not actually exist. In other words if the employers are … Continue reading Kraus v Penna Plc and Another: EAT 20 Nov 2003
News Group Newspapers Ltd had been joined as a party, in order that it could argue the obvious public interest relating to the importance, which has long been accepted in the courts, of the interest, not just of the press but of the public generally, in freedom of reporting and openness in court hearings. Discrimination … Continue reading Chessington World of Adventures Ltd v Reed: EAT 27 Jun 1997
The employers appealed against findings that employees could claim constructive dismissal on a transfer of an undertaking simply because of a change in the employment conditions after the transfer. Held: Neither the Regulations nor the Act created a new right beyond the preservation of existing rights. To found a case for constructive dismissal, the employee … Continue reading Rossiter v Pendragon plc; Clarke v Air Foyle Ltd: CA 10 May 2002
The German courts construed a teacher’s duty of loyalty as absolute and owed equally by every civil servant, regardless of his or her function and rank under national law. Every civil servant, whatever his or her own opinion on the matter, must unambiguously renounce all groups and movements which the competent authorities hold to be … Continue reading Vogt v Germany: ECHR 1 Nov 1995
EAT UNFAIR DISMISSALReasonableness of dismissalProcedural fairness/automatically unfair dismissalThe Employment Tribunal failed to consider the effect of S98A(2) of the Employment Rights Act 1996. Had it done so it would have been bound to find that had the Respondent followed a fair dismissal procedure the Claimant would have been dismissed in any event. Judges: Serota QC … Continue reading Punch Pub Company Ltd v O’Neill: EAT 23 Jul 2010
Mr Nelson was employed as a producer but had in fact been engaged in the Caribbean Service of the BBC in terms of the work which he had actually been doing. The contract of employment expressly provided that he should serve wherever and however he might be required. Held: The closure of the BBC service … Continue reading Nelson v British Broadcasting Corporation: CA 1977
EAT Disability Discrimination : Disability – Direct disability discrimination – UNFAIR DISMISSAL – Reason for dismissal including substantial other reason Two points were permitted to proceed to this Full Hearing: (1) The Employment Tribunal sought to draw a distinction between ‘perceived’ and ‘suspected’ disability. That was unhelpful. However, the Employment Tribunal’s answer to the ‘reason … Continue reading Agbakoko v Allied Bakeries: EAT 5 Jun 2015
EAT Jurisdictional Points: Worker, Employee or Neither – Whether a GP, whose services were provided to the Trust through a Cooperative, was a worker under section 230(3)(b) Employment Rights Act 1996. The Employment Tribunal was entitled to find that he was not. Whether the Claimant had abandoned an argument that he was a worker under … Continue reading Suhail v Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals and Another: EAT 11 Jun 2015
The claimant began proceedings against his employer, the Immigration Service after his security clearance was withdrawn. He complained that the respondent had been allowed by the Tribunal to present evidence he was not himself allowed to see and challenge. The EAT had approved this use of a closed material procedure. Held: The appeal succeeded. Every … Continue reading Home Office v Tariq: CA 4 May 2010
EAT Unfair Dismissal : Reasonableness of Dismissal – HARASSMENT – Conduct Appeal permitted to proceed on two grounds. First, having found a potentially fair reason for dismissal (SOSR), did the Employment Tribunal consider fairness under section 98(4) Employment Rights Act? They did. Secondly, did they treat a remark about pregnancy as a complaint of sexual … Continue reading Phelan v Rolls -Royce Plc and Others (Unfair Dismissal : Reasonableness of Dismissal): EAT 4 Dec 2014
The claimants said it would be wrong to return them to Zimbabwe where they would be able to evade persecution only by pretending to a loyalty to, and enthusiasm for the current regime. Held: The Secretary of State’s appeals failed. The HJ principle applied. It was wrong to require someone with no political beliefs to … Continue reading RT (Zimbabwe) and Others v Secretary of State for The Home Department: SC 25 Jul 2012
Exercise of Prerogative Power is Reviewable The House considered an executive decision made pursuant to powers conferred by a prerogative order. The Minister had ordered employees at GCHQ not to be members of trades unions. Held: The exercise of a prerogative power of a public nature may be, subject to constraints of national security and … Continue reading Council of Civil Service Unions v Minister for the Civil Service: HL 22 Nov 1984
chesteron_nurmohamedEAT201504 EAT VICTIMISATION DISCRIMINATION Whistleblowing Protected disclosure This appeal concerns the meaning of the words ‘in the public interest’ inserted into section 43B(1) of the Employment Rights Act 1996 by section17 of the Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013. The Respondent was Director of the Mayfair office of the First Appellant, a well-known firm of … Continue reading Chesterton Global Ltd (t/a Chestertons) and Another v Nurmohamed (Victimisation Discrimination: Whistleblowing): EAT 8 Apr 2015
The claimant was a police sergeant. After many years he had not been promoted. He began proceedings for race discrimination. Whilst those were in course, he applied for a post elsewhere. That force wrote to his own requesting a reference. In the light of the discrimination claim, they were advised not to reply for fear … Continue reading Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police v Khan: HL 11 Oct 2001
EAT UNLAWFUL DEDUCTION FROM WAGESOn the true construction of the Claimants’ contracts of employment on their secondment from Qantas in Australia to its subsidiary, the Respondent, in London, payment of allowances for food and accommodation were not made on top of the normal wages but were included within the package, for reasons of tax efficiency. … Continue reading Quantas Cabin Crew (UK) Ltd v Lopez and Another: EAT 2 Nov 2012
The company decided to make redundancies. The applicants, all selected, had worked in more than one section of the plant. All employees worked under the same contract, but employees were chosen only from the one section. The complainants said that the entire workforce should have been considered. Held: Under the Order it was for the … Continue reading Murray and Another v Foyle Meats Ltd (Northern Ireland): HL 8 Jul 1999
The first claimants were long standing employees. Mr Eastwood fell out with his manager, who disciplined him using false statements. When Williams refused to provide a false statement he too was disciplined. Each claimed damages for the injury to . .
The claimant pursued Employment Tribunal proceedings against the Immigration Service when his security clearance was withdrawn. The Tribunal allowed the respondent to use a closed material procedure under which it was provided with evidence unseen . .
The English legal system has been producing law reports since time immemorial, and the Scots for even longer. These pages are full of codes making reference to such series, with their wonderful array of abbreviations. You cannot enquire about the law without beginning at least to understand and use them. Here is a brief, but … Continue reading Reports
Our law-index is a substantial selection from our database. Cases here are restricted in number by date and lack the additional facilities formerly available within lawindexpro. Please do enjoy this free version of the lawindex. Case law does not ‘belong’ to lawyers. Judgments are made up of words which can be read and understood (if … Continue reading law index
