Appeal – State aid – Aid planned by the United Kingdom in favour of Hinkley Point C nuclear power station – Contract for Difference, Secretary of State Agreement and Credit Guarantee – Decision declaring the aid compatible with the internal market – Public interest objective – Investment aid -Operating aid -Article 107(3)(c) TFEU – Article … Continue reading Austria v Commission (Appeal – Sate Aid – Aid Planned By The United Kingdom In Favour of Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Station – Opinion): ECJ 7 May 2020
ECJ 1. The principle of equal treatment, of which Articles 52 and 59 of the Treaty embody specific instances, prohibits not only overt discrimination by reason of nationality but also all covert forms of discrimination which, by the application of other criteria of differentiation, lead in fact to the same result.2. The exception to freedom … Continue reading Commission v Italy (Rec 1989,P 4035) (Sv89-269 Fi89-269) (Judgment): ECJ 5 Dec 1989
The court was concerned with a national measure prohibiting television advertising for alcoholic drinks, in the case of indirect television advertising resulting from the appearance on screen of advertisements visible during the re-transmission of certain sporting events. This was said to infringe the freedom to provide services contrary to Article 59 (now 49) of the … Continue reading Commission v France C-262/02: ECJ 13 Jul 2004
ECJ Grand Chamber – Article 59 of the EC Treaty (now, after amendment, Article 49 EC) – Directive 89/552/CEE – Television without frontiers – Television broadcasting – Advertising – National measure prohibiting television advertising for alcoholic drinks marketed in that Member State, in the case of indirect television advertising arising from the appearance on screen … Continue reading Bacardi-Martini SAS v Television Francaise 1 SA (TF1) and others: ECJ 13 Jul 2004
Europa For an agreement between undertakings or a concerted practice to be capable of affecting trade between Member States, it must be possible to foresee with a sufficient degree of probability and on the basis of objective factors of law or fact that it may have an influence, direct or indirect, actual or potential, on … Continue reading British Sugar v Commission: ECJ 29 Apr 2004
ECJ Article 59 of the Treaty (now, after amendment, Article 49 EC) and Article 60 of the Treaty (now Article 50 EC) do not preclude a Member State from imposing national rules guaranteeing entitlement to paid leave for posted workers on a business in the construction industry established in another Member State which provides services … Continue reading Finalarte Sociedade de Construcao Civil Ld, Portugaia Construcoes and Engil Sociedade de Construcao Civil SA v Urlaubs-und Lohnausgleichskasse der Bauwirtschaft etc: ECJ 25 Oct 2001
(Social security for migrant workers) Social security – Article 51 of the EEC Treaty (later Article 51 of the EC Treaty and now, after amendment, Article 42 EC) – Article 2(1) of Regulation (EEC) No 1408/71 – Stateless persons – Refugees Citations: [2001] ECR I-7413, [2001] EUECJ C-95/99, C-95/99, [2001] 3 CMLR 50 Links: Bailii … Continue reading Khalil, Chabaan, Osseili v Bundesantalt fir Arbeit: ECJ 11 Oct 2001
‘the right of individuals to rely on the directly effective provisions of the Treaty before national courts is only a minimum guarantee and is not sufficient in itself to ensure the full and complete implementation of the Treaty’1. The prohibition laid down in article 13 of the treaty and that laid down in article 13 … Continue reading Rewe-Zentralfinanz eG v Landwirtschaftskammer fur das Saarland (Judgment): ECJ 16 Dec 1976
Europa Measures adopted by an institution – regulation – concept (EEC treaty, article 189). A measure which is applicable to objectively determined situations and which involves legal consequences for categories of persons viewed in a general and abstract manner constitutes a regulation. Cf. Paragraph 3, summary, joined cases 16 and 17/62, (1962) ECR 471. A … Continue reading Zuckerfabrik Watenstedt GmbH v Council of the European Communities (Judgment): ECJ 11 Jul 1968
Europa 1. Common financial arrangements – equalization of ferrous scrap – own resources of scrap – concept (ECSC treaty, article 53) 2. Common financial arrangements – undertakings liable to pay contributions – concept (ECSC treaty, articles 53, 80) 3. Common financial arrangements – equalization of ferrous scrap – bought scrap added to stock – system … Continue reading Acciaierie e Ferriere di Solbiate SpA v High Authority of the ECSC: ECJ 16 Jun 1966
‘According to settled case-law, for the purposes of applying Article [82] of the Treaty, the relevant product or service market includes products or services which are substitutable or sufficiently interchangeable with the product or service in question, not only in terms of their objective characteristics, by virtue of which they are particularly suitable for satisfying … Continue reading Tierce Ladbroke SA v Commission: ECFI 1997
ECJ Status of Gibraltar – Freedom To Provide Services – Purely Internal Situation – Inadmissibility : Judgment Citations: [2017] WLR(D) 166, [2018] 1 CMLR 362, ECLI:EU:C:2017:449, [2017] EUECJ C-591/15, [2017] 4 WLR 67, [2017] 4 WLR 167 Links: Bailii, WLRD Jurisdiction: European Citing: Cited – Department of Health and Social Security v Barr and Montrose … Continue reading The Gibraltar Betting and Gaming Association v Revenue and Customs Commissioners and another (Government of Gibraltar intervening): ECJ 13 Jun 2017
Europa It is not in principle incompatible with community law for one member state to require a national of another member state, who is permanently established in its territory, to obtain a domestic driving licence for the purpose of driving motor vehicles, even if he is in possession of a driving licence issued by the … Continue reading Criminal proceedings against Michel Choquet: ECJ 28 Nov 1978
1. Internal taxation – non-discrimination – potable spirits (EEC treaty, article 95) 2. Agriculture – potable spirits – not an agricultural product (regulation no 7) 3. Agriculture – establishment of the common market – exceptions – strict interpretation. 1. The taxation of potable spirits imported from one member state on the basis of a notional … Continue reading Commission of the European Communities v Italian Republic (Judgment): ECJ 19 Nov 1969
The claimant challenged the Order as regards the prescription of the morning-after pill, asserting that the pill would cause miscarriages, and that therefore the use would be an offence under the 1861 Act. Held: ‘SPUC’s case is that any interference with a fertilised egg, if it leads to the loss of the egg, involves the … Continue reading Regina (Smeaton) v Secretary of State for Health and Others: Admn 18 Apr 2002
Discrimination – Shifting Burden of Proof (Preliminary Ruling) A woman was employed as a speech therapist by the health authority. She complained of sex discrimination saying that at her level of seniority within the NHS, members of her profession which was overwhelmingly a female profession, were appreciably less well paid than members of comparable professions … Continue reading Enderby v Frenchay Health Authority and Another: ECJ 27 Oct 1993
Drug controls in sport do not govern trading activities and are not within ambit of EC Treaty and are not discriminatory. Citations: Times 30-Jun-1997 Statutes: EC Treaty Art 59 to 66 Jurisdiction: England and Wales European Updated: 24 August 2022; Ref: scu.80265
The claimants had sponsored tennis players to wear their logo. The respondents organised tennis tournaments whose intended rules would prevent the display of the claimant’s logos. The claimants said that the restriction interfered with their rights to trade within Europe. Held: The rules were potentially a breach of the claimants rights to trade, and an … Continue reading Adidas-Salomon Ag v Drape and others: ChD 7 Jun 2006
The claimant alleged complicity by the defendant, (now former) Foreign Secretary, in his mistreatment by the US while held in Libya. He also alleged involvement in his unlawful abduction and removal to Libya, from which had had fled for political persecution. The defendants now appealed from rejection of the defendants’ claim to state immunity and … Continue reading Belhaj and Another v Straw and Others: SC 17 Jan 2017
80% of the men who had been employed since 1 April 1997 had got protection under TUPE whereas only 66.66% of the women had. It was argued that this difference in percentages was sufficient to justify a claim of indirect discrimination. Held: There was no sex discrimination where there were genuine reasons for a pay … Continue reading Strathclyde Regional Council and others v Wallace and others (Scotland): HL 22 Jan 1998
The claimant sought hip-replacement treatment. She was first told that she would have to wait a year. As her lawyers pressed the respondent, she looked at obtaining treatment in France. As she decided to take the treatment, the respondent reduced the waiting time to four months. She sought judicial review, and to recover the cost … Continue reading Watts, Regina (on the Application of) v Bedford Primary Care Trust and others: Admn 1 Oct 2003
The council appealed a finding that there was no genuine material factor justifying a difference in pay, and in particular the availability of bonus schemes. Judges: Wilkie J, Benyon, Smith Citations: [2007] UKEAT 0684 – 05 – 2603 Links: Bailii Statutes: Equal Pay Act 1970 1(2)(b), EU Treaty 141, Equal Pay Directive (75/117/EEC) 1 Jurisdiction: … Continue reading South Tyneside Metropolitan Borough Council v Anderson and others: EAT 26 Mar 2007
The defendant had been involved in price fixing arrangements, and the claimant sought damages for breach of its proprietary rights. The claimant appealed refusal of an award an account of profits for what was akin to a breach of statutory duty. Held: The appeal failed. An account of profits should be available in a cartel … Continue reading Devenish Nutrition Ltd v Sanofi-Aventis Sa (France) and others: CA 14 Oct 2008
The principal claimants sold the rights to take photographs of their wedding to a co-claimant magazine (OK). Persons acting on behalf of the defendants took unauthorised photographs which the defendants published. The claimants had retained joint copyright over the photographs and reserved a right to control publication of any particular photographs. In return they made … Continue reading Douglas and others v Hello! Ltd and others (No 3): CA 18 May 2005
EC has sole jurisdiction over old cartels Several claimants alleged that the defendant airway had been part of a cartel which had overcharged for freight services. The court now heard arguments about whether it had jurisdition to deal with claims which preceded the measures which had brought into force the EU competition rules. The cartel … Continue reading Emerald Supplies Ltd and Others v British Airways Plc: ChD 4 Oct 2017
The appellants had overpaid under a mistake of law very substantial sums in VAT over several years. The excess had been repaid, but with simple interest and not compound interest, which the now claimed (together with other taxpayers amounting to 17 . .
References: [2003] EWHC 259 (QB), Gazette 01-May-2003, [2003] 1 FLR 1091 Links: Bailii Coram: The President An IVF treatment centre used sperm from one couple to fertilise eggs from another. This was discovered, and the unwilling donors sought a paternity declaration. Held: Section 28 did not confer paternity. The mistake vitiated whatever consents had been … Continue reading AHE Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust v A, A, YA and, ZA (By Their Litigation Friend, the Official Solicitor), the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority B, B: QBD 26 Feb 2003
1267 – 1278 – 1285 – 1297 – 1361 – 1449 – 1491 – 1533 – 1677 – 1688 – 1689 – 1700 – 1706 – 1710 – 1730 – 1737 – 1738 – 1751 – 1774 – 1792 – 1793 – 1804 – 1814 – 1819 – 1824 – 1828 – 1831 – 1832 … Continue reading Acts
