1. The evidence currently being tendered on behalf of the Secretary of State in ETS cases is amply sufficient to discharge the burden of proof and so requires a response from any appellant whose test entry is attributed to a proxy.
2. The burden of proving the fraud or dishonesty is on the Secretary of State and the standard of proof is the balance of probabilities.
3. The burdens of proof do not switch between parties but are those assigned by law.
Citations:
[2022] UKUT 112 (IAC)
Links:
Jurisdiction:
England and Wales
Immigration
Updated: 05 June 2022; Ref: scu.677738