Judges: Swift J Citations: [2020] EWHC 998 (Admin), [2020] WLR(D) 253 Links: Bailii, WLRD Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 3(2), Welfare Reform Act 2012 3(1) 4(1)(c) Jurisdiction: England and Wales Benefits, Immigration Updated: 25 November 2022; Ref: scu.650728
A decision at Senior Executive Officer level was accepted as appropriate in a deportation case. There was an express form of delegation, and acts of the immigration officers required to be regarded as the acts of the Home Secretary. Lord Griffiths said: ‘it would not be right to authorise an inspector to take a decision … Continue reading Regina v Secretary of State for the Home Department ex parte Oladehinde: HL 18 Oct 1990
UTIAC (1) It is clear that income from illegal employment in the host Member State on the part of a parent of a ‘Chen’ child (Case c-200/02 Chen [2004] ECR I-9925) cannot create self-sufficiency for that child (W (China) and X (China) [2006] EWCA Civ 1494).(2) The proposition in MA and Others (EU national: self-sufficiency; … Continue reading Seye (Chen Children; Employment) France: UTIAC 28 Mar 2013
The appellant a foreign national, had been convicted of very serious sex offences, and as his sentence came to an end was ordered to be deported. He appealed saying this infringed his right to a family life. Held: The court had to balance the public revulsion at his crimes with the need for compassion. The … Continue reading N (Kenya) v The Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 5 Aug 2004
UTIAC (1) The Immigration (Notices) Regulations 2003 do not apply to a decision under the Immigration Act 1971, which is not an immigration decision within the meaning of section 82 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002.(2) There is no statutory instrument under the 1971 Act dealing with the means of giving notice for … Continue reading Syed (Curtailment of Leave – Notice) India: UTIAC 4 Mar 2013
The appellant sought the deportation of the respondent to his home country of Jordan to face trial on terrorism related charges. The respondent said that evidence against him would have been obtained by torture, and challenged re-assurances accepted by the respondent as to the conduct of the trial. He said there was a real risk … Continue reading Othman (Aka Abu Qatada) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: CA 27 Mar 2013
Judges: Lord Justice Popplewell Mr Justice Johnson And His Honour Judge Picton Citations: [2022] EWCA Crim 1483 Links: Bailii Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 24B, Fraud Act 2006 1, Identity Documents Act 2010 4(1) 4(2) Jurisdiction: England and Wales Crime Updated: 12 November 2022; Ref: scu.682710
EAT UNFAIR DISMISSAL – CompensationThe Employment Tribunal erred in law in awarding compensation for loss of earnings for a period after the Claimant’s leave to remain in this country, extended under Immigration Act 1971 section 3C(2)(c), had expired. Although the ET noted that the Claimant had been informed that the UKBA had refused his application … Continue reading Kings Castle Church v Okukusie: EAT 13 Jun 2012
Judges: Maurice Kay VP CA, Moore-Bick, Sullivan LJJ Citations: [2012] EWCA Civ 960 Links: Bailii Jurisdiction: England and Wales Cited by: Cited – Patel and Others v Secretary of State for The Home Department SC 20-Nov-2013 The court was asked as to the respective duties of the Secretary of State and the First-tier Tribunal, on … Continue reading Alam and Others v Secretary of State for The Home Department: CA 13 Jul 2012
A notice of intention to deport can be served while an asylum claim was outstanding. The notice does not include any request to leave the country. Citations: Times 17-Apr-1995, Gazette 03-May-1995 Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 Jurisdiction: England and Wales Immigration Updated: 27 October 2022; Ref: scu.86742
Local Authority may come to its own conclusion as to immigrant status for housing. Citations: Independent 21-Apr-1993 Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 26(1)(c) Jurisdiction: England and Wales Immigration, Housing Updated: 26 October 2022; Ref: scu.87720
Chahal was a Sikh separatist leader who was refused asylum and whom the Secretary of State proposed to deport to India as a threat to national security here. Held: The Home Secretary must balance the need to deport against against any threat to the deportee’s safety, but his decision was only to be challenged if … Continue reading Regina v Secretary of State for the Home Department ex parte Chahal: CA 27 Oct 1993
The appellants challenged the mandatory sentence of life imprisonment imposed on them on their convictions for murder. They said it was an infringement of their Human Rights, being arbitrary and disproportionate. Held: The case followed on where the Anderson case left off. In these cases the judge had noted that he did not think the … Continue reading Regina v Lichniak: HL 25 Nov 2002
The applicant had been refused leave to remain as a Tier 2 (General) Migrant at a time even though he was only two months short of the five years’ continuous residence necessary to support a case for indefinite leave to remain under the rules. He argued that, in assessing whether his removal should be permitted … Continue reading Miah and Others v Secretary of State for The Home Department: CA 7 Mar 2012
The applicant had been given indefinite leave to remain in England, but was later convicted of indecent assault, and recommended for deportation. On appeal the court said that the order for deportation was disproportionate. After serving his sentence and on release. The respondent decided that he should be deported under the 1971 Act, but gave … Continue reading M v the Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 19 Feb 2003
Judges: Davis, Hickinbottom LJJ, Sir Stephen Richards Citations: [2018] EWCA Civ 1260, [2019] 1 WLR 394, [2018] WLR(D) 353 Links: Bailii Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 Jurisdiction: England and Wales Citing: Admin (1) – Jollah, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for The Home Department Admn 24-Feb-2017 Judicial review of refusal to lift … Continue reading Jollah, Regina (on The Application of) v The Secretary of State for The Home Department: CA 12 Jun 2018
The claimant challenged the lawfulness of his detention under the 1971 Act. Judges: Beatson J Citations: [2012] EWHC 878 (Admin) Links: Bailii Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 Torts – Other, Immigration Updated: 06 October 2022; Ref: scu.452443
Appeal by a foreign national, who contends that his detention pending possible deportation was, or at least became, unlawful. Judges: Pill, Jackson, Sullivan LJJ Citations: [2012] EWCA Civ 414 Links: Bailii Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 3(5) Jurisdiction: England and Wales Torts – Other, Immigration Updated: 06 October 2022; Ref: scu.452409
The claimant sought judicial review of the refusal to reinstate his indefinite leave to remain after successfully appealing against a deportation order. Held: The claim failed. Bidder QC J said: ‘the wording of section 5 is tolerably clear and the other statutory or regulatory provisions touching on the question of deportation and revocation strongly suggest … Continue reading George v Secretary of State for The Home Department: Admn 9 Dec 2011
An asylum seeker who was found to be destitute and had failed in his application was entitled to restricted support under the section. The respondent implemented a policy restricting the restriction on the use of the power to those who had some physical impediment preventing movement. The applicant had not been evicted, but had had … Continue reading Salih and Another v Secretary of State for the Home Department: Admn 8 Oct 2003
The applicant, a student had overstayed his leave. Through his solicitor’s negligence, he lost his appeal against deportation. He sought judicial review of that decision. Held: Judgment obtained in a party’s absence due entirely to the fault of that party or his advisor was not one obtained in breach of the rules of natural justice … Continue reading Al-Mehdawi v Secretary of State for the Home Department: HL 23 Nov 1989
In each case, the respondent had refused an application for leave to remain, but had taken no prompt steps for their removal. The applicants now said that this rendered the original decision ‘not in accordance with the law’ under section 84(1)(e) of the 2002 Act. Judges: Arden, Jackson, Aikens LJJ Citations: [2011] EWCA Civ 1320, … Continue reading Sapkota and Another (Pakistan) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: CA 15 Nov 2011
Miss Singh challenged her school’s policy which operated to prevent her wearing while at school a steel bangle, a Kara. She said this was part of her religion as a Sikh. Held: Earlier comparable applications had been made under human rights law, but this was under the 1976 Act. The evidence established that the Sikh … Continue reading Watkins-Singh, Regina (on the Application of) v The Governing Body of Aberdare Girls’ High School and Another: Admn 29 Jul 2008
EAT Unfair Dismissal : Compensation – Claimant of Indian nationality given leave to enter the UK on basis of work permit authorising employment by Respondent for five years – Claimant unfairly dismissed during fifth year – Tribunal caps compensation as at date of expiry of the five-year period on basis that it would have been … Continue reading Ram v JD Wetherspoon Plc: EAT 25 Aug 2011
The claimant appealed against a decision of the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) dismissed his appeal against a decision of an Immigration Judge in turn dismissing his appeal under section 82 of the 2002 Act against the decision of the Home Secretary refusing to vary leave to remain in the United Kingdom pursuant to … Continue reading AQ (Pakistan) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: CA 20 Jul 2011
Judges: Lord Justice Kennedy Lord Justice Parker Lord Justice Dyson Citations: [2004] EWCA Civ 638 Links: Bailii Jurisdiction: England and Wales Cited by: Cited – Kola and Another v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions HL 28-Nov-2007 The claimant said that the 1987 Regulations were invalid, in making invalid any claim for benefits by … Continue reading Kola and Mirzajani v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions: CA 21 May 2004
Judges: McCombe, King, Nicola Davies LJJ Citations: [2018] EWCA Civ 2612, [2018] WLR(D) 741 Links: Bailii Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 3C Jurisdiction: England and Wales Immigration Updated: 12 September 2022; Ref: scu.630701
The claimant, a 32 year old Pakistani national, had been refused leave to remain as a Tier 2 (General) Migrant worker. He had worked as a physiotherapy assistant, and said that this should have entitled him to 50 points under the assessment system. Though his occupation did not qualify him of itself, he said that … Continue reading Alvi, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: Admn 25 Oct 2010
The issue on this appeal is the effect of section 55 on the legality of the appellant’s detention under paragraph 16 over a period of 13 days. At the time of the detention the Secretary of State acted in the mistaken but reasonable belief that he was aged over 18. It is now an agreed … Continue reading AA, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: SC 10 Jul 2013
The claimant had been detained by the US in Guantanamo Bay suspected of terrorist involvement. He sought to support his defence documents from the respondent which showed that the evidence to be relied on in the US courts had been obtained by torture, and in particular by the hiding of his detention for many months … Continue reading Mohamed, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (No 1): Admn 21 Aug 2008
The claimant sought judicial review of the defendant’s decision not to allow her indefinite leave to remain in the UK with her husband and family. Held: On the facts presented, the interference with the applicant’s family life was such as to make it disproportionate under article 8 to remove her, notwithstanding that she was unable … Continue reading Mansoor, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: Admn 23 Mar 2011
Citations: [2011] EWCA Civ 275 Links: Bailii Jurisdiction: England and Wales Cited by: Appeal from – Lumba (WL) v Secretary of State for The Home Department SC 23-Mar-2011 The claimants had been detained under the 1971 Act, after completing sentences of imprisonment pending their return to their home countries under deportations recommended by the judges … Continue reading KM (Zimbabwe) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: CA 17 Mar 2011
The defendant appealed against his conviction for murder, saying that he should have been allowed to rely on a plea of diminished responsibility given the changes to section 2 of the 1957 Act introduced in 2009. He said that his alcoholism should have been treated as explaining his loss of self control and amounting to … Continue reading Dowds v Regina: CACzD 22 Feb 2012
A rule which deemed service on an asylum applicant two days after postage of a special adjudicator’s determination irrespective of whether it was in fact received was outside the powers given to the Secretary, and is of no effect. The Act gave power to make rules, but the receipt of the determination was fundamental to … Continue reading Saleem v Secretary of State for Home Department: CA 13 Jun 2000
Appeal against order for the deportation of the applicant to Iraq. Judges: Pill, Jackson, Patten LJJ Citations: [2010] EWCA Civ 1322 Links: Bailii Statutes: European Convention on Human Rights, Nationality Immigration and Asylum Act 2002, Immigration Act 1971 Jurisdiction: England and Wales Immigration, Human Rights Updated: 28 August 2022; Ref: scu.426703
Foskett J interpreted Pankina: ‘The Court of Appeal held that the revised criterion could not be put in place by virtue of a process of issuing guidance. The ratio of the decision appears to me to be that a provision that reflects a substantive criterion for eligibility for admission or leave to remain must be … Continue reading English UK Ltd, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: Admn 9 Jul 2010
The claimant challenged as unlawful his administrative detention for 10 months pending deportation. Judges: King J Citations: [2010] EWHC 1177 (QB) Links: Bailii Statutes: European Convention of Human Rights 5, Immigration Act 1971 5(5) Jurisdiction: England and Wales Citing: Cited – A v Secretary of State for the Home Department, and X v Secretary of … Continue reading HXA v The Home Office: QBD 21 May 2010
Citations: [1997] EWHC Admin 950 Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 3(5)(a) Jurisdiction: England and Wales Immigration Updated: 06 August 2022; Ref: scu.137895
An appeal to the FTT covers not only any ground before the Secretary of State when she made the decision under appeal but also any grounds raised in response to a one-stop notice issued under section 120 of the 2002 Act, even if they had not been the subject of any decision by the Secretary … Continue reading AS (Afghanistan) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 20 Oct 2009
The House heard a judicial review of the Secretary of State’s assessment of the proper level of expenditure by a local authority. Held: A ‘low intensity’ of review is applied to cases involving issues ‘depending essentially on political judgment’.Lord Scarman said: ‘To sum it up, the levels of public expenditure and the incidence and distribution … Continue reading Regina v Secretary of State for the Environment, ex parte Nottinghamshire County Council: HL 12 Dec 1985
The Home Secretary had served notice that the applicant was an illegal immigrant, and liable to deportation. An order had been made for the cross examination of the applicant. He had come to England to study, but soon dropped his immediate plans. He left and re-entered claiming an intention to start an alternative course. He … Continue reading Regina (Yaser Mahmood) v Secretary of State for Home Department: Admn 9 Aug 2001
Asylum seekers had been detained on arrival in the UK, and then released. They challenged the propriety of the detention. The policy was that detention was appropriate where entry had been achieved through breach of immigration control, and did not depend upon whether the detainee might abscond. It appeared that the system worked for the … Continue reading Regina (on the application of Baram etc) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: Admn 7 Sep 2001
The claimants, foreign nationals, had been detained pending deportation after completion of sentences of imprisonment. They challenged the policy that such deportees should be held by default pending deportation. Held: David J granted declarations that (i) paragraph 2 of Schedule 3 to the 1971 Act prohibits the Secretary of State from operating any policy in … Continue reading Abdi and others v Secretary of State for the Home Department: Admn 19 Dec 2008
The court considered the proper approach to be adopted, in light of new Immigration Rules promulgated in July 2012, to applications for leave to enter the United Kingdom by persons who are family members of someone already present here. Judges: Richards, Underhill, Sales LJJ Citations: [2015] EWCA Civ 387, [2015] WLR(D) 199, [2015] Imm AR … Continue reading The Secretary of State for The Home Department v SS (Congo) and Others: CA 23 Apr 2015
The failed asylum claimant challenged as unlawful his continued detention pending return to Congo. Judges: Collins J Citations: [2008] EWHC 2090 (Admin) Links: Bailii Jurisdiction: England and Wales Citing: Cited – Regina v Governor of Durham Prison, ex parte Hardial Singh QBD 13-Dec-1983 Unlawful Detention pending DeportationAn offender had been recommended for deportation following conviction. … Continue reading Lumba, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: Admn 4 Jul 2008
The court was asked as to the entitlement of the claimant to a British Passport by virtue of descent from the person he said was his father. Held: The decision of the IPS whether to issue or to withhold a British passport is one made under the Royal Prerogative which is subject to scrutiny on … Continue reading Ali, Regina (on The Application of) v The Secretary of State for The Home Department: Admn 27 Nov 2012
Sums of money had been found on a raid on factory premises where many illegal workers were found. The company appealed seizure of the money under the 2002 Act. Judges: Richards LJ, MacKay J Citations: [2008] EWHC 1651 (Admin) Links: Bailii Statutes: Immigration Act 1971, Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 Jurisdiction: England and Wales Crime, … Continue reading Greater Manchester Police, Regina (on the Application of) v City of Salford Magistrates Court: Admn 21 Jul 2008
Judges: Mitting J Citations: [2008] EWHC 1460 (Admin) Links: Bailii Cited by: Cited – Lumba (WL) v Secretary of State for The Home Department SC 23-Mar-2011 The claimants had been detained under the 1971 Act, after completing sentences of imprisonment pending their return to their home countries under deportations recommended by the judges at trial, … Continue reading Ashori, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: Admn 22 May 2008
Appeal against dismissal of claim for habeas corpus. The appellant was held in detention since August 2006 under Schedule 3 to the Immigration Act 1971 on the order of the Secretary of State. Prior to that date he had been in detention serving a prison sentence. Citations: [2008] EWCA Civ 475 Links: Bailii Statutes: Immigration … Continue reading Bosombi, Re: CA 11 Apr 2008
The claimant applied for leave to remain in the United Kingdom as a postgraduate doctor. The immigration rules which had been laid before Parliament in accordance with section 3(2) of the 1971 Act and which were current at the time of her application stated that a person who had only an overseas medical degree was … Continue reading Odelola v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 10 Apr 2008
The claimant was a Zimbabwean National who was to be removed from the country. He was unlawfully held in detention pending removal. He sought damages for false imprisonment. He had been held over a long period pending decisions in the courts on the legality of returning failed asylum applicants to Zimbabwe. Held: Despite allegations of … Continue reading SK, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: Admn 25 Jan 2008
The appellants, Turkish Cypriots, arrived on visitor permits, but after extensions, were given notice that their leave to stay would come to an end. Held: The appeal failed. The notice given was in the form disapproved in Suthendram, but the adjudicator had been correct to refuse jurisdiction. Judges: Lord Wilberforce, Viscount Dilhorne, Lord Salmon, Lord … Continue reading Halil and Another v Davidson: HL 3 Jul 1980
Carnwath LJ said of the ‘near-miss’ argument: ‘This argument is, in my view, based on a misconception. The Secretary of State is of course entitled to have a policy. The promulgation of the policy normally creates a legitimate expectation that it will be applied to those falling within its scope unless there is good reason … Continue reading Rudi, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 14 Dec 2007
The release date for a prisoner was calculated correctly according to guidance issued by the Home Office, but case law required the guidance to be altered, and the prisoner had been detained too long. The tort of false imprisonment is one of strict liability, and the governor was liable in damages even though he had … Continue reading Regina v Governor of Her Majesty’s Prison Brockhill ex parte Evans (No 2): HL 27 Jul 2000
The claimants had been detained under the 1971 Act, after completing sentences of imprisonment pending their return to their home countries under deportations recommended by the judges at trial, or chosen by the respondent. They challenged as unlawful the respondent’s, at first unpublished, policy introduced in 2006, that by default, those awaiting deportation should be … Continue reading Lumba (WL) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: SC 23 Mar 2011
The Home Secretary appealed from a finding that illegally entered asylum seekers had been unlawfully detained pending removal. The five claimants had travelled through other EU member states before entering the UK. The court considered inter alia whether damages for false imprisonment were allowable under Factortame. Held: The appeals failed. Chapter 55 of the EIG … Continue reading Hemmati and Others, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: SC 27 Nov 2019
False Imprisonment Damages / Immigration Detention The respondent had held the claimant in custody, but had failed to follow its own procedures. The claimant appealed against the rejection of his claim of false imprisonment. He had overstayed his immigration leave, and after convictions had served a prison sentence. When about to be released, an order … Continue reading Kambadzi (previously referred to as SK (Zimbabwe)) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: SC 25 May 2011
The Home Secretary authorised certain officials in the immigration department of the Home Office to act on his behalf to decide whether to issue a notice of intention to deport persons under the Immigration Act 1971. Held: The court granted orders of certiorari to quash each of the decisions to deport the claimants on the … Continue reading Regina v Secretary of State for the Home Department ex parte Oladehinde: Admn 1990
Application for judicial review of the decision of an immigration officer declaring him to be an illegal entrant as defined by section 33(1) of the 1971 Act; that is a person who unlawfully entered in breach of the immigration laws. Judges: Dyson J Citations: [1994] EWHC 2 (Admin) Links: Bailii Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 3391) … Continue reading Regina v Secretary of State for The Home Department, Ex Parte To-Ming Lam: Admn 24 Jan 1994
Laws J considered the Hardial Singh principles, adding: ‘While, of course, Parliament is entitled to confer powers of administrative detention without trial, the courts will see to it that where such a power is conferred the statute that confers it will be strictly and narrowly construed and its operation and effect will be supervised by … Continue reading In re Wasfi Suleman Mahmod: Admn 17 Jan 1994
A Bangladeshi woman entered into an arranged polygamous marriage in Bangladesh and many years later dishonestly (led by her husband) obtained entry clearance as a visitor before then unsuccessfully seeking leave to remain as being financially dependent upon a daughter settled here. She was anxious to continue enjoying access rights to her younger son here. … Continue reading SB (Bangladesh) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 31 Jan 2007
Citations: [1827] EngR 467, (1827) 6 B and C 528, (1827) 108 ER 546 Links: Commonlii Jurisdiction: England and Wales Citing: See Aslo – Berry v Adamson, Gent One, and C 18-Dec-1826 . . Cited by: Cited – Jalloh, Regina (on the application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department SC 12-Feb-2020 Claim … Continue reading Berry v Adamson, Gent: 22 May 1827
Hong Kong. Held: The applicant could not invoke any right under the rule of international law which placed upon a state a duty to receive its own national, because that rule was inconsistent with the domestic law. In modern times the idea of even a Government ship being a ‘floating island,’ belonging to and retaining … Continue reading Chung Chi Cheung v The King: PC 2 Dec 1938
Families had challenged the removal of their children into the care of foster parents by the respondents. The family father, who was blind, had taken to driving. The respondents appealed findings that they had acted unlawfully and in breach of the human rights of the families. There had been an Emergency protection Order, but the … Continue reading Langley and others v Liverpool City Council and others: CA 11 Oct 2005
The defendants had had confiscation orders made against them. They had appealed on the basis that the orders were made more than six months after sentence. The prosecutor now appealed saying that the fact that the order were not timely did not invalidate them. Held: The appeal was allowed. The confiscation orders made by the … Continue reading Regina v Soneji and Bullen: HL 21 Jul 2005
Immigration – Detention – Illegal entrant – Illegal entrant not given leave to enter or remain in United Kingdom – Detention pending directions for removal – Persons entering United Kingdom and present there in breach of immigration laws – Commonwealth immigrant – Immigrant entering United Kingdom clandestinely in breach of laws relating to Commonwealth immigrants … Continue reading Azam and Others v Secretary of State for The Home Department and Another: HL 11 Jun 1973
HL Immigration – Statute controlling immigration – Retrospective operation – Penal provisions – Illegal entry – Possession of false passport – Whether statute creating offences in respect of acts performed before it came into force – Immigration Act 1971, ss 24(1)(a), 26(1)(d). Citations: [1974] UKHL 6, 138 JP 497, 59 Cr App Rep 149, [1974] … Continue reading Waddington v Miah: HL 1 May 1974
The appellant sought asylum. He had fled Sri Lanka. He was a Tamil and feared torture if he returned. His application had been rejected because the consequences flowed from his suspected involvement in terrorism, and that was not a Convention reason. Held: Cases involving claims for refugee status under the Convention are particularly fact-sensitive. The … Continue reading Regina v Secretary of State for the Home Department, ex parte Sivakumar: HL 20 Mar 2003
The respondent resisted a claim of unfair dismissal and race discrimination on the basis that the employment contract was illegal since the claimant was an immigrant and unable to work without a work permit. Held: The Court of Appeal upheld a defence of illegality to a teacher’s complaint against a school of unlawful discrimination by … Continue reading V v Addey and Stanhope School: CA 30 Jul 2004
The applicant asylum seeker had had her application refused, and was awaiting a removal order. She had a child and asked the authority to house her pending her removal. Held: Provided she was not in breach of the removal order, the council had power to provide her with assistance. Though the authority had no duty … Continue reading M v London Borough of Islington and Another: CA 2 Apr 2004
The Secretary of State’s published policy was that, if legal proceedings were initiated, removal would not be treated as imminent even if it otherwise was. The Secretary of State also had an unpublished policy, namely that information that proceedings were about to be initiated would be disregarded, however credible that information might be. Held: The … Continue reading Nadarajah and Amirhanathan v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 8 Dec 2003
The claimant, a Somali woman, had arrived at Gatwick Airport from Yemen at 10.30 pm on 29 August 1999 and not claimed asylum until 31 August (the intervening day being a bank holiday). Her reason for not claiming at Gatwick was that she was accompanied by an agent who unsurprisingly was concerned that nothing be … Continue reading Shire v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions: CA 13 Oct 2003
The appellant, a Turkish citizen entered illegally and claimed asylum. He falsely said he had not sought asylum in another EC country. He had lived in Germany for eight years, and had twice unsuccessfully claimed asylum. Shortly after arrangements were made for his removal to Germany, he married a woman whom he had known in … Continue reading Ekinci, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 17 Jun 2003
The applicant sought admission to the UK. In the past he had made utterances which were capable of being racist. He claimed to have recanted, and had given undertakings as to his behaviour. At first instance it was held that the Home Secretary had failed to demonstrate an objective reason for refusing admission. It was … Continue reading Farrakhan, Regina (on the Application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 30 Apr 2002
The applicant had married an English national. The marriage ended in divorce. She applied for indefinite leave to stay. Incorrect information from a Government department led to her application being dismissed. The adjudicator granted her application, but the Secretary of State, without appealing the adjudicator’s order, reconsidered and refused the application. Held: The finding of … Continue reading Regina (Boafo) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 4 Feb 2002
Application for Judicial Review challenging the lawfulness of bail conditions (a curfew monitored by electronic tagging) imposed by the defendant during deportation proceedings under section 32(5) of the 2007 Act. Judges: Edis J Citations: [2015] EWHC 2786 (Admin), [2015] WLR(D) 405 Links: Bailii, WLRD Statutes: UK Borders Act 2007 Jurisdiction: England and Wales Cited by: … Continue reading Gedi, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: Admn 9 Oct 2015
Claim for damages for false imprisonment brought in judicial review proceedings challenging the legality of a curfew imposed upon the claimant, purportedly under paragraph 2(5) of Schedule 3 to the Immigration Act 1971. Held: The Court of Appeal in Austin and in Walker were right to say that there could be imprisonment at common law … Continue reading Jalloh, Regina (on the application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department: SC 12 Feb 2020
A section of public road (Hammersmith Bridge) was closed off to provide a vantage point for a boat race. The plaintiff refused to be excluded, and complained that he had not been allowed to use the public highway, and had therefore been imprisoned. Held: (majority) ‘there was no imprisonment. To call it so appears to … Continue reading Bird v Jones: QBD 11 Jan 1845
The Home Secretary appealed against a finding that a non-derogating control order was unlawful in that, in restricting the subject to an 18 hour curfew and otherwise severely limiting his social contacts, the order amounted to such a deprivation of liberty as to be unlawful. Held: The appeal failed. When looking at the lawfulness of … Continue reading Secretary of State for the Home Department v JJ and others: HL 31 Oct 2007
An unconscious or drugged person may be detained. For the tort of false imprisonment there must be shown a complete restriction in fact on the plaintiff’s freedom to move: ‘any restraint within defined bounds which is a restraint in fact may be an imprisonment.’ The court distinguished between restraint upon the plaintiff’s liberty which is … Continue reading Meering v Grahame-White Aviation Co Ltd: CA 1919
High Court of Australia – The Plaintiff paid a penny on entering the wharf to stay there till the boat should start and then be taken by the boat to the other side. The Defendants were admittedly always ready and willing to carry out their part of this contract. Then the Plaintiff changed his mind, … Continue reading Robertson v The Balmain New Ferry Company Ltd: PC 10 Dec 1909
For the tort of false imprisonment to be committed, the deprivation of liberty must be actual, rather than potential: ‘Nothing short of actual detention and complete loss of freedom would support an action for false imprisonment.’ Judges: Lord Macnaghten Citations: (1903) 19 TLR 496, (1903) 30 Ind App 154 Jurisdiction: England and Wales Citing: Approved … Continue reading Syed Mahamad Yusuf-ud-Din v Secretary of State for India: 1903
(Admissibility) Whether a detention amounts to a deprivation of liberty depends upon all the facts and circumstances of the particular case Citations: [2002] ECHR 850, 45508/99, [2004] 40 EHRR 761 Links: Bailii Jurisdiction: Human Rights Citing: At HL – In Re L (By His Next Friend GE); Regina v Bournewood Community and Mental Health NHS … Continue reading HL v United Kingdom: ECHR 10 Sep 2002
The minimal extent of a person’s detention by a police officer who was not exercising the power of arrest would not prevent his detention from being unlawful and amounting to false imprisonment. It was held to be false imprisonment for a police officer to stand in the front doorway of a house so as to … Continue reading Walker v The Commissioner of The Police of The Metropolis: CA 1 Jul 2014
The defendant had surrendered to his bail at a Magistrates Court. There was no usher and no security staff. Following imposition of a custodial sentence, the defendant escaped through the public entrance. It was submitted on an appeal that the defendant was not under ‘direct’ control of anyone. Held: Buxton LJ dealt with this submission … Continue reading Regina v Rumble: CACD 2003
Misuse of Power for ulterior object D1 and D2 lent C 80 pounds repayable in 1837, secured by a mortgage on C’s vessel. C was to be free to continue to use the vessel in the interim but the law forbade its use if he were to cease to hold its register. In 1836 the … Continue reading Grainger v Hill: CEC 1838
The claimants appealed dismissal of their claims for false imprisonment and unlawful detention by the respondent in his policing of a demonstration. They had been held within a police cordon in the streets for several hours to prevent the spread of violence. One claimant had been simply there on business. Held: The appeal failed. In … Continue reading Austin and Another v Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis: CA 15 Oct 2007
The applicant was an adult autistic, unable to consent to medical treatment. Treatment was provided at a day centre. He had been detained informally under the Act and against the wishes of his carers, but the Court of Appeal decided he should have been formally detained. Held: The appeal succeeded. His detention had not been … Continue reading In Re L (By His Next Friend GE); Regina v Bournewood Community and Mental Health NHS Trust, Ex Parte L: HL 25 Jun 1998
The Union set a picket round a camp set up by anti-logging protesters to prevent the protesters getting out. The protesters could have asked the police to escort them out, but that did not mean that they were not imprisoned until they did so. But the protesters could also have escaped at any time along … Continue reading McFadzean and Others v Construction Forestry Mining and Energy Union and Others: 13 Dec 2007
The Secretary appealed against a decision that the detention of certain asylum applicants was unlawful. The detention was for a limited period, but he had put forward no reason for the detentions of the individuals. Held: The Act authorised detention up to the point where a decision was made. The Act empowered detention not for … Continue reading Secretary of State for the Home Department v Saadi, Maged, Osman, Mohammed: CA 19 Oct 2001
The applicant challenged the Home Secretary’s decision to exclude him from the UK, on the grounds that his presence would exacerbate tensions between the Jewish and Muslim communities. A balance is to be found between freedom of speech and the need for public order. He agreed to sign an undertaking in the form requested by … Continue reading Farrakhan v Secretary of State for the Home Department: QBD 1 Oct 2001
Two foreign nationals with leave to remain in this country committed serious crimes. The Secretary of State ordered their deportation. Held: Where the deportation of a foreigner following a conviction here, would conflict with his human rights, the court had to assess whether the, first, the objective could be achieved by some alternative, less interfering, … Continue reading Samaroo and Sezek v Secretary of State for the Home Department: CA 17 Jul 2001
The applicant applied for asylum, but suffered from schizophrenia. He had been refused entry and detained, and then his detention was transferred to a mental hospital by order of the Home Secretary, with a view to his return for treatment in Malta. The applicant alleged that the Secretary had no power to so order without … Continue reading X v Secretary of State for Home Department: CA 7 Dec 2000
The claimant had come to England as a child from Italy. As an adult, he was convicted of a sexual assault against his daughter, and after release from his prison sentence of five years, he now appealed against a deportation order, saying that the respondent had failed to take account of the length of time … Continue reading B v Secretary of State for Home Department: CA 18 May 2000
The court was asked whether the words ‘by reason of the appellant leaving the United Kingdom’ in section 33(4) Immigration Act 1971, as amended by paragraph 4(2) of schedule 2 to the Asylum and Immigration Act 1996, mean that leaving the United Kingdom is merely permissive or presumptive of abandonment of an appeal, or whether … Continue reading Dupovac v Secretary of State for Home Department: CA 21 Jan 2000
This was an appeal from orders of certiorari quashing the decisions of three local authorities refusing to provide accommodation for the respondents, four asylum seekers, whose applications for asylum were presently being considered by the Secretary of State. Held: Appeal dismissed. Asylum seekers are not entitled merely because they lack money and accommodation to claim … Continue reading Regina v Westminster City Council ex parte A, London Borough of Lambeth ex parte X and similar: CA 17 Feb 1997
The meaning of ‘foreign criminal’ is not consistent over the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002 and the UK Borders Act 2007. Section 32 of the 2007 Act creates a designated class of offender that is a foreign criminal and establishes the consequences of such designation. That is, for the purposes of section 3(5)(a) of … Continue reading Zulfiqar (‘Foreign Criminal’ : British Citizen) Pakistan: UTIAC 11 Sep 2020
Citations: [1999] EWHC Admin 222 Links: Bailii Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 Jurisdiction: England and Wales Extradition Updated: 28 May 2022; Ref: scu.139486
Citations: [1998] EWHC Admin 542 Links: Bailii Statutes: Immigration Act 1971 14(1) Jurisdiction: England and Wales Immigration Updated: 27 May 2022; Ref: scu.138663
Kay J referred to the Secretary of State’s policy documents on the detention and removal of failed asylum seekers and emphasised the need for a careful reappraisal by the Secretary of State in the light of changing circumstances. Judges: Jay J Citations: [1997] EWHC Admin 1148, [1998] Imm AR 182, [1998] INLR 315 Links: Bailii … Continue reading Regina v A Special Adjudicator and Secretary of State for Home Department ex parte B: Admn 17 Dec 1997