ECJ Request for a preliminary ruling – Protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data – Directive 95/46/EC – Articles 2, 12 and 13 – Concept of ‘personal data’ – Scope of the right of access of a data subject – Data relating to the applicant for a residence permit and legal … Continue reading YS v Minister voor Immigratie, Integratie en Asiel: ECJ 17 Jul 2014
AZ, a refugee, had been refused general travel document for reasons of national security. The Court as now asked whether he was entitled to be told of the concerns in advance of defendant’s decision.Burnett LJ referred to a ‘sliding scale for the purposes of disclosure.’ Judges: Jackson, Underhill, Burnett LJJ Citations: [2017] EWCA Civ 35, … Continue reading AZ (Syria) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: CA 27 Jan 2017
(1) Rule 45 of the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal (Procedure) Rules 2005 confers discretionary, procedural case management powers. It does not require the First-tier Tribunal to undertake evidence-gathering. Any direction given under rule 45 to the Secretary of State to seek out or validate evidence must be exercised sparingly and in a fact-sensitive way, bearing … Continue reading NA (UT Rule 45: Singh v Belgium) Iran: UTIAC 8 May 2014
ECJ Review of the judgment in Case T-234/11 P – Action for annulment – Admissibility – Time-limit for bringing proceedings – Time-limit not set by a provision of European Union law – Concept of ‘reasonable period’ – Interpretation – Obligation on the Courts of the European Union to take account of the particular circumstances of … Continue reading Jaramillo v European Investment Bank: ECJ 28 Feb 2013
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Common rules for the internal market in natural gas – Directive 2009/73/EC – Article 3(1) to (3) and Article 41(16) – Public service obligations – Natural gas storage obligations for the purposes of ensuring the security and regularity of supply – National legislation providing that the financial burden of … Continue reading Dzvergas Mrezhi and Balgarska Gazova Asotsiatsia (Common Rules for The Internal Market In Natural Gas – Natural Gas Storage Obligations – Judgment): ECJ 30 Apr 2020
ECJ Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Public health – Consumer information and protection – Labelling and presentation of foodstuffs – Concepts of ‘nutrition claims’ and ‘health claims’ – Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 – Description of a wine as ‘easily digestible’ – Reference to reduced acidity levels – Beverages containing more … Continue reading Deutsches Weintor Eg v Land Rheinland-Pfalz: ECJ 6 Sep 2012
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Area of ??freedom, security and justice – Common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection – Directive 2013/32 / EU – Request for international protection – Article 33, paragraph 2 – Grounds for inadmissibility – National regulations providing for the inadmissibility of the application if the applicant has arrived … Continue reading Orszagos Idegenrendeszeti Foigazgatosag Del-Alfoldi Regionalis Igazgatosag (Opinion): ECJ 23 Apr 2020
ECJ National administrative procedure – Purely internal situation – Administrative acts – Obligation to state reasons – Whether it is possible for failure to state reasons to be remedied during legal proceedings against an administrative act – Interpretation of the second paragraph of Article 296 TFEU and Article 41(2)(c) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights … Continue reading Giuseppa Romeo v Regione Siciliana: ECJ 7 Nov 2013
ECJ Representation of the European Union before national courts – Articles 282 EC and 335 TFEU – Claim for damages in respect of loss caused to the European Union by a cartel – Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Right to fair hearing – Right of access to … Continue reading Europese Gemeenschap v Otis Nv: ECJ 6 Nov 2012
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Directive 2008/115/EC – Return of illegally staying third-country nationals – Article 15(1) – Detention – Grounds for detention – General criterion based on the risk that the effective enforcement of the removal would be compromised – Risk that the person concerned would commit a criminal offence – Consequences of … Continue reading Politsei-Ja Piirivalveamet: ECJ 6 Oct 2022
Section 32 of the UK Borders Act 2007 provides that where a person is sentenced to imprisonment of 12 months or more, he must be deported unless he falls within one of the statutory exceptions.Article 8 provides one such exception but there is no justification for saying that it will only be in exceptional circumstances … Continue reading Sanade and Others (British Children – Zambrano – Dereci): UTIAC 7 Feb 2012
This appeal concerns the directly effective right of police officers under EU law to have the principle of equal treatment applied to them. The question raised is whether the enforcement of that right by means of proceedings in the Employment Tribunal is barred by the principle of judicial immunity, where the allegedly discriminatory conduct is … Continue reading P v Commissioner of Police of The Metropolis: SC 25 Oct 2017
ECJ Directive 2000/78/EC – Articles 2(2) and 6(1) – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Articles 21 and 28 – Collective agreement on pay for public sector contractual employees of a Member State – Pay determined by reference to age – Collective agreement abolishing the determination of pay by reference to age … Continue reading Hennigs v Eisenbahn-Bundesamt: ECJ 8 Sep 2011
ECJ Directive 93/83/EEC – Directive 2006/116/EC, Directive 2001/29/EC – Directive 2005/115/EC – Copyright of the principal director of a film – Allocation of exclusive exploitation rights to the producer Film – Conditions – Article 14bis of the Berne Convention – Article 17 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Equitable remuneration … Continue reading Luksan v Van Der Let (Intellectual Property) French Text: ECJ 6 Sep 2011
The claimant had been an employee of a foreign diplomatic mission. He said that he was not debarred by the 1978 Act from bringing claims for unfair dismissal and breach of working time regulations, saying that any exemption would infringe his human rights. Held: (i) where there is a breach of a right afforded under … Continue reading Benkharbouche and Another v Embassy of The Republic of Sudan: CA 5 Feb 2015
ECJ Judgment – Public service – Contract staff – Non-renewal of a fixed-term contract – cancellation Conclusions – Renewal Process – Article 41 paragraph 2 a) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Right be heard – Failure – compensation Conclusions – pecuniary damage Judges: R. Barents (Rapporteur), P Citations: F-55/14, … Continue reading EE v Commission: ECJ 25 Jun 2015
Mrs Nolan had been employed at a US airbase. When it closed, and she was made redundant, she complained that the appellant had not consulted properly on the redundancies. The US denied that it had responsibility to consult, and now appealed. Held: The appeal failed (Lord Carnworth dissenting). That the exact situation might not have … Continue reading The United States of America v Nolan: SC 21 Oct 2015
The claimants challenged the right of the respondent, purporting to us the royal prerogative, to withdraw their passports on being suspect of terrorist links. Held: The claims were dismissed. The use of the Royal Preogative was long established, and ‘we are in no doubt that it is not to be implied that Parliament intended to … Continue reading XH and AIT, Regina (on The Application of) v Secretary of State for The Home Department: Admn 28 Jul 2016
ECJ Grand Chamber – Citizenship of the Union – Right of residence of nationals of third countries who are family members of Union citizens – Refusal based on the citizen’s failure to exercise the right to freedom of movement – Possible difference in treatment compared with EU citizens who have exercised their right to freedom … Continue reading Dereci and Others (European Citizenship): ECJ 15 Nov 2011
ECJ Area of Freedom, Security and Justice – Judgment – Reference for a preliminary ruling – Asylum policy – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Article 4 – Directive 2004/83/EC – Article 2(e) – Eligibility for subsidiary protection – Article 15(b) – Risk of serious harm to the psychological health of the … Continue reading MP (Protection Subsidiaire D’Une Victime De Tortures Passees): ECJ 24 Apr 2018
ECJ Judgment – Reference for a preliminary ruling – Social policy – Directive 2000/78 / EC – Equal treatment – Differential treatment based on religion or belief – Professional activities of churches or other organizations whose ethics are based on religion or beliefs beliefs – Religion or belief constituting an essential, legitimate and justified professional … Continue reading Egenberger v Evangelisches Werk fur Diakonie und Entwicklung eV: ECJ 17 Apr 2018
ECJ (Mutual Assistance for The Recovery of Claims Relating To Taxes – Opinion) Council Directive 2010/24/EU – Mutual assistance for the recovery of claims relating to taxes, duties and other measures – Notification to a person of a claim after, rather than before, the issuance of a request for its recovery by the uniform instrument … Continue reading Donnellan v The Revenue Commissioners: ECJ 8 Mar 2018
Economic and Monetary Policy Economic and Monetary Policy – Action for annulment – Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1289 – Imposition of a fine on a Member State in the context of economic and budgetary surveillance of the euro area – Manipulation of statistical data relating to the deficit of the Member State concerned – Jurisdiction – … Continue reading Spain v Council – C-521/15: ECJ 20 Dec 2017
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Value added tax (VAT) – Directive 2006/112/EC – Inclusion in the register of taxable persons for VAT – National law requiring provision of a guarantee – Combating fraud – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Freedom to conduct a business – Principle of non-discrimination – Principle … Continue reading BB Construct (Taxation – Value Added Tax : Judgment): ECJ 26 Oct 2017
ECJ (Judgment) Trademark of the European Union – European trademark application NETGURU – Absolute ground for refusal – Lack of distinctive character – Article 7 (1) (b) of Regulation (EC) No 207/2009 – Obligation to state reasons – Article 41 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights – Article 75 of Regulation No 207/2009 – Article … Continue reading Netguru v EUIPO (Netguru): ECFI 17 Jan 2017
ECJ Judgment – Appeal – State aid – Operation of Video Lottery Terminals – Grant by a Member State of an exclusive licence – Decision finding no State aid – Article 108(3) TFEU – Regulation (EC) No 659/1999 – Articles 4, 7 and 13 – Failure to initiate the formal investigation procedure – Concept of … Continue reading Club Hotel Loutraki and Others v Commission: ECJ 21 Dec 2016
ECJ (Judgment) Reference for a preliminary ruling – Article 6 TEU – Article 49 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Principle of retroactivity of the more lenient criminal law – Italian nationals having organised the illegal entry into Italy of Romanian nationals – Acts carried out before the accession of … Continue reading Paoletti And Others: ECJ 6 Oct 2016
ECJ (Judgment) Appeals – Competition – Cartels – European Market for prestressing steel – Fines – Determination of the amount of fines -Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 – Article 23, paragraph 2 – Presumption of the actual exercise of influence determinant of the parent company on the subsidiary – Guidelines for calculating the amount of the … Continue reading Ori Martin SA v Commission: ECJ 14 Sep 2016
ECJ (Judgment) Preliminary reference – urgent preliminary ruling procedure – police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters – Framework Decision 2002/584 / JHA – Article 26, paragraph 1 – European arrest warrant – Effects of discount – Deduction of the period of detention received in the executing member State – Definition of ‘detention’ – restrictive … Continue reading JZ v Prokuratura Rejonowa Lodz – Srodmiescie: ECJ 28 Jul 2016
ECJ (Judgment) (Grand Chamber) Reference for a preliminary ruling – Article 267 TFEU – Article 94 of the Rules of Procedure of the Court – Content of a request for a preliminary ruling – National rule providing that the national court is to be disqualified because it stated a provisional opinion in the request for … Continue reading Ognyanov: ECJ 5 Jul 2016
(Judgment) Reference for a preliminary ruling – Asylum policy – Common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection – Directive 2013/32 / EU – Request for international protection – Article 33, paragraph 2 – Grounds for inadmissibility – National legislation providing for ” inadmissibility of the application if the applicant has arrived in the Member … Continue reading LH v Bevandorlasi Es Menekultugyi Hivatal (Tompa): ECJ 19 Mar 2020
ECJ (Judgment) Reference for a preliminary ruling – Social policy – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Directive 2000/78/EC – Principle prohibiting discrimination on grounds of age – National legislation incompatible with the directive – Possibility for a private person to bring proceedings to establish the liability of the State for breach … Continue reading Dansk Industri v Estate of Karsten Eigil Rasmussen: ECJ 19 Apr 2016
ECJ (Judgment) Reference for a preliminary ruling – Article 45 TFEU and Article 48 TFEU – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Article 15(2) – Regulation (EEC) No 1408/71 – Article 67(3) – Social security – Unemployment benefit to supplement income from part-time employment – Award of that benefit – Completion of … Continue reading Office national de l’emploi v M and M: ECJ 7 Apr 2016
ECJ (Judgment) Reference for a preliminary ruling – Value added tax – Directive 2006/112/EC – Articles 2, 24, 43, 250 and 273 – Place of supply of electronically supplied services – Artificial fixing of that place by means of an arrangement not reflecting economic reality – Abuse of rights – Regulation (EU) No 904/2010 – … Continue reading WebMindLicenses Kft v Nemzeti Ado-es Vamhivatal Kiemelt Ado-es Vam Foigazgatosag: ECJ 17 Dec 2015
ECJ (Judgment) Civil service – FRA staff – Member of the temporary staff – Career development report – Internal appeal – Accusations of discrimination – Accusations of victimisation within the meaning of Directive 2000/43 – Administrative enquiry – Disciplinary proceedings – Disciplinary penalty – Reprimand – Articles 2, 3, and 11 of Annex IX to … Continue reading DD v FRA: ECJ 8 Oct 2015
ECJ Judgment – Public service – Contract staff – Staff of childcare facilities – Reform of the Staff Regulations Staff came into force on 1 January 2014 – Regulation No. 1023/2013 – Increased working hours – monthly Additional amount – Article 50 of Regulation procedure – Hierarchy of norms – General implementing provisions of Article … Continue reading Petsch v Commission: ECJ 30 Jun 2015
ECJ Judgment – Reference for a preliminary ruling – Internal market in natural gas -Directive 2003/55/EC – Article 25 – Directive 2009/73/EC – Articles 41 and 54 – Temporal application -Regulation (EC) No 1775/2005 – Article 5 – Capacity allocation mechanisms and congestion management procedures – Decision of a regulatory authority – Right to bring … Continue reading E.On Foldgaz Trade Zrt v Magyar Energetikai es Kozmu-szabalyozasi Hivatal: ECJ 19 Mar 2015
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Judicial cooperation in criminal matters – Directive 2010/64/EU – Article 5 – Quality of the interpretation and translation – Directive 2012/13/EU – Right to information in criminal proceedings – Article 4(5) and Article 6(1) – Right to information about the accusation – Right to interpretation and translation – Directive … Continue reading IS (Illegalite De L’Ordonnance De Renvoi) (Judgment): ECJ 23 Nov 2021
ECJ Preliminary ruling – Directives 93/13/EEC and 2008/48/EC – Application ratione temporis and ratione materiae – Acts Prior to the accession of Romania to the European Union – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Implementation implementation of EU law – None – clearly lacking – Articles 49 TFEU and 56 TFEU – … Continue reading Tudoran And Others v SC Suport Colect SRL: ECJ 3 Jul 2014
ECJ (Order Of The Court) Preliminary ruling – Article 53, paragraph 2, of the Rules of Procedure – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – National legislation establishing wage rates for some public sector workers – Lack of implementation of EU law – manifest lack of jurisdiction C-264/12, [2014] EUECJ C-264/12 – CO … Continue reading Sindicato Nacional Dos Profissionais De Seguros E Afins v Fidelidade Mundial – Companhia de Seguros SA: ECJ 26 Jun 2014
ECJ (Judgment Of The Court Of First Instance) Public service contracts – Tender procedure – Provision of translation services into Maltese – Rules relating to the procedure for the submission of tenders – Rejection of a tenderer’s bid – Failure to comply with the rules on submission designed to ensure the confidentiality of the contents … Continue reading Euris Consult v Parliament: ECFI 30 Apr 2014
ECJ Social policy – Directive 2002/14/EC – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Article 27 – Subjecting the setting up of bodies representing staff to certain thresholds of employees – Calculation of the thresholds – National legislation contrary to European Union law – Role of the national court [2014] All ER (EC) … Continue reading Association De Mediation Sociale v Union Locale Des Syndicats CGT: ECJ 15 Jan 2014
References for a preliminary ruling – Article 49 TFEU – Freedom of establishment – Article 63 TFEU – Free movement of capital – Indirect discrimination – Contractual usufructuary rights or rights of use in agricultural land – Prohibition of the acquisition of such rights by persons other than members of the close family of the … Continue reading Segro (Free Movement of Capital – Opinion): ECJ 31 May 2017
Same Sex Partner Entitled to tenancy Succession The protected tenant had died. His same-sex partner sought a statutory inheritance of the tenancy. Held: His appeal succeeded. The Fitzpatrick case referred to the position before the 1998 Act: ‘Discriminatory law undermines the rule of law because it is the antithesis of fairness. It brings the law … Continue reading Ghaidan v Godin-Mendoza: HL 21 Jun 2004
Prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment ECJ (Grand Chamber) European Union law – Principles – Fundamental rights – Implementation of European Union law – Prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment – Common European Asylum System – Regulation (EC) No 343/2003 – Concept of ‘safe countries’ – Transfer of an asylum seeker to the Member State … Continue reading NS v Secretary of State for the Home Department etc: ECJ 21 Dec 2011
ECJ (Judgment) Preliminary reference – Police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters – Framework Decision 2002/584 / JHA – European arrest warrant – Execution Grounds for refusal – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Article 4 – Prohibition treatments inhuman or degrading treatment – Conditions of detention in the issuing member State … Continue reading Aranyosi and Caldararu: ECJ 5 Apr 2016
ECJ Common foreign and security policy (CFSP) – Restrictive measures taken against persons and entities associated with Usama bin Laden, the Al-Qaeda network and the Taliban – United Nations Security Council Resolutions adopted under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations Implementation in the Community Common Position 2002/402/CFSP Regulation (EC) No 881/2002 ‘ … Continue reading Kadi v Council and Commission (Common Foreign and Security Policy): ECJ 16 Jan 2008
The appellant claimed that the requirement imposed on him to retire from his law firm partnership on attaining 65 was an unlawful discrimination on the grounds of age. Held: The matter was remitted to the Employment tribunal to see whether the fixing of the mandatory retirment age at 65 was a proportionate means of achieving … Continue reading Seldon v Clarkson Wright and Jakes: SC 25 Apr 2012
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Social policy – Principle of equal treatment in matters of employment and occupation – Directive 2000/78 / EC – Article 6, paragraph 1 – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Article 21 – . .
Appeal – Article 181 of the Rules of Procedure of the Court – Action for annulment – Article 263, fourth paragraph, TFEU – Admissibility – Decision not concerning the applicant neither directly nor individually – Regulatory act – Absence – Article . .
